Consultation Reformation
One of the most commonly-cited mental health disorders for toddlers who are considered disruptive by their teachers
What is ADHD or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Subconscious attitudes, beliefs, and stereotypes that affect understanding, actions and decisions in an unconscious manner.
What is implicit bias
The rate at which pre-school aged boys are expelled in comparison to girls
What is 4.5x
Expulsions, suspensions, frequently removing a child from the classroom, asking the family to pick the child up early due to behavior, or stating the child is not a good fit for this type of program are all examples of this type of "you can't play with us" discipline
What is exclusionary discipline?
The COVID-19 pandemic had this "charged" impact on a child's ability to demonstrate inhibitory control
What is negative impact
A way that teachers can change their posture to make toddlers listen better and feel less intimidated
What is sitting or getting to eye-level
Percentage of public school teachers who are white
What is 80% (Wymer et al., 2022)
This domestic issue is a strong predictor of children’s school readiness
What is family well-being
Early childhood education staff cite this "action-adjusting technique" as a leading unmet need
What is behavior management
For children, an increased risk of expulsion correlates with this change in level of inhibitory control and student-teacher closeness
What is lower
The rate at which preschoolers are expelled compared to children in kindergarten through 12th grade
What is 3x the rate
According to data from the U.S. Department of Education (2016) Black preschools are likely to be suspended at this rate compared to white preschoolers
What is 3.6 times the rate
Broadly defined as stressful or traumatic events that people experience early in life (such as sexual abuse, physical abuse, neglect, etc.) that can increase behavioral issues, academic issues, and anxiety/depression in children
What is Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE)
Staff who more frequently use social-emotional learning supports (e.g., books and charts teaching about emotions, meetings with supervisor) have shown to request fewer expulsions. This link is mediated by a decrease in this hormone response in teachers
What is reduced teacher stress
This behavioral skill refers to a child's ability to modulate their thoughts, feelings, and emotions
What is inhibitory control
Cited by many child consultants as the biggest quality a teacher must have when talking to the parent of a disruptive child
What is openness or curiosity
Teachers perceive disruptive behaviors to be more severe when this difference is present between the teacher and student
What are racial differences
Too much of this "poisonous" experience can negatively affect body and brain development in children with ACEs
What is constant toxic stress
This essential component of lasting reductions in exclusionary discipline relates to giving those who work with children a little boost
What is a more supported early childhood education workforce?
True or False? Children in virtual classrooms showed lower levels of student-teacher closeness and inhibitory control when compared to in-person classrooms
What is false
The percentage of expulsions reduced when consultation is used on preschoolers
What is 50%! Also boosts staff retention, job satisfaction and improves emotional well-being of preschoolers during pivotal pre-kindergarten years
Studies suggest that teacher’s knowledge of familial stressors in their students’ lives had this kind of effect on teacher ratings on perceived severity of disruptive behavior
What is a decrease in the severity of the behavior?
Controlling for other factors, ACEs can increase preschool suspension and expulsion this percentage
What is 80%
This "advice giving" intervention is one of several that has addressed exclusionary discipline in early childhood education. It has been linked to reduced rates of exclusionary discipline and changes that may affect the likelihood exclusionary disciplinary (teacher-reported externalizing behaviors, teacher self-efficacy, and knowledge about about child development)
What is Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation
This covariate factor, often believed to be a reason for disruptive behavior, actually caused no significant differences in expulsion risk, inhibitory control, and student-teacher closeness
What is race/ethnicity