Endocrine
Signaling chemicals of the endocrine system
Hormones
What is the primary function of RBCs?
Oxygen transport
The heart has how many chambers?
Four
Right/Left atrium
Right/left ventricles
Which vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
Is the bond between oxygen and hemoglobin strong or weak? Why?
Weak to allow relatively easy diffusion of oxygen to working tissues
Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine are all examples of this type of hormone
Catecholamines
What is percentage of whole blood is made up of plasma?
Approx. 55%
Which chamber sends blood into the pulmonary circuit?
Right ventricle
What is the body's largest artery?
Aorta
Blood is considered which kind of tissue? Be specific
Fluid connective tissue
Endocrine gland that secretes melatonin
Pineal gland
The human body contains approximately how many liters of blood?
4-6 L
What is the primary pacemaker of the heart?
SA - Sinoatrial node
Which vessels are considered the body's "resistance" vessels?
Arterioles
For blood pressure to be considered "normal" the diastolic number should not exceed what?
Should not exceed 80 mmHg
Gland that secretes antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) and oxytocin (OXT)
Pituitary gland (specifically the posterior region)
Which term refers to the percentage of formed elements (blood cells) in a sample of whole blood?
Hematocrit
Cardiac muscle contracts on its own without hormonal or neural stimulation. What is this called?
Autorhythmicity
In which vessels is blood velocity the slowest? Why?
Capillaries - to allow adequate diffusion of nutrients and dissolved gases
Which American cyclist won 7 TdF titles before having them rescinded due to admitting to blood doping?
Lance Armstrong
Calcium ion levels in the body are primarily impacted by which two endocrine glands?
Thyroid and parathyroid glands.
Thyroid releases calcitonin to lower calcium levels in the blood and parathyroid hormone is released to increase blood calcium levels
Which hormone stimulates the production of RBCs in hypoxic conditions?
Erythropoietin (EPO)
Which muscles attach to the chordae tendinae to control the heart's AV valves?
Papillary muscles
Which term is given to the process of muscles assisting in bringing venous blood back to the heart?
Skeletal muscle pump
Purkinje fibers