Classification of Motor Skills
How our nervous system functions to activate and coordinate the muscles and limbs involved in performing a motor skill
What is motor control?
The category of motor skill performance that indicates the outcome or result of performing a motor skill
What is performance outcome measure?
An ability that specifically relates to the performance of a motor skill
What is motor ability?
The four major brain structures involved in control of voluntary movement
What are the cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brainstem?
The period between the warning signal and the "go" signal
What is the foreperiod?
The three one-dimension motor skill classification systems
What is size of musculature, specificity of beginning/end, and stability of the environment?
A common measure indicating how long it takes a person to prepare and initiate a movement after a stimulus or go signal is provided
What is reaction time?
The school of thought that all motor abilities are relatively independent and that each person varies in amount of each ability
What is specificity of motor abilities hypothesis?
What are the ascending pathways?
The pathways that pass information from the CNS to the PNS
What are the descending pathways?
The features of the environmental context to which movements must conform to achieve an action goal; the features that regulate the spatial and temporal characteristics of the motor skill
What are regulatory conditions?
The measurement that records muscle electrical activity; used to determine when a muscle begins and ends activation
What is EMG (electromyography)?
The motor abilities not included by Fleishman but generally agreed that they should have been included
What are static balance, dynamic balance, visual acuity, visual tracking, and eye-hand/eye-foot coordination?
What are BART? (bradykinesia, akinesia, rigidity, tremor)
The classification system that involves environmental context (regulatory conditions, intertrial variability) and function of action (body orientation, object manipulation)
The set of factors that influence motor skill learning and performance
What are the person, the performance environment, and the skill?
The type of error that provides an index of tendency for performance error to be directionally biased
What is constant error?
The Don't Touch the Edge Tests assesses this perceptual motor ability
What is arm-hand steadiness
The part of the brain responsible for control of smooth and accurate movements, eye-hand coordination, movement timing, and posture
What is the cerebellum?
The perceptual motor ability tested by the Two Plate Tapping Test
What is speed of arm movement?
The Gentile classification for the skill of running to kick a soccer ball with other players around you during a match?
What is 4D?
The imaging that has good selective sensitivity to different substances and processes but is expensive with poor image resolution
What is PET scan?
Prediction of future performance of a motor skill/activity or for job training; evaluating causes or performance deficiencies or assess effectiveness of itnerventions
What are the higher centers?
The subcortical brain area involved in movement initiation, antagonist muscle use during movement, and force control
What are the basal ganglia?