CLINICAL PHYS
Of total life expectancy, about how many years should an American expect to live "impaired,' or dealing with the limitations imposed by chronic disease?
10-12
What are 'known diseases' in the new screening model?
Cardiovascular
Metabolic
Renal
What are exercise-associated risks for all persons?
MSI
AMI
SCD
Others include fatigue, dehydration, cramps, DOMS, dizziness
Each stage of a progressive exercise test should last approximately _____ to accurately estimate aerobic capacity.
2-3 minutes
CAD (CHD)
CHF
Heart valve disease
MI
Heart surgery (transplant, revascularization, defibrillator, pacemaker)
Which two chronic diseases account for the majority of all deaths?
Heart Disease
Cancer
Characterize the scenario associated with the greatest concern for a cardiovascular event during exercise.
Habitually sedentary
Known disease
Vigorous intensity exercise
Clinical term for shortness of breath
dyspnea
What is the definition and correct unit of expression for cardiorespiratory fitness?
ml/kg/min
L/min
Of the 9 signs and symptoms of disease, ones that can potentially be normal responses to exercise.
dyspnea
dizziness
tachycardia
muscular cramps (some types)Which European physician was the first to recognize the health risks of sedentary occupations?
Ramazzini
Characterize moderate intensity exercise in quantitative terms (%HRR, RPE, METs) and qualitative terms
HRR 40 - 60%
RPE 12 - 13
METS 3-6
"Noticeable" increase in HR, RR
What is the most common cause of dizziness or syncope?
reduced blood flow (perfusion) to the brain
3 objective variables that should be measured during exercise testing/training in clinical populations
heart rate blood pressure RPE
The type of activity most likely to elicit intermittent claudication in a person with PAD
Incline walking
The five laws of health promoted by early Greek physicians
Breathe fresh air
Eat good foods
Drink the proper beverages
Participate in exercise
Get adequate sleep
What is the minimum amount of physical activity necessary to be deemed a 'regular' exerciser?
30 minutes of moderate intensity 3 days per week for 3 months
The most common arrhythmia leading to sudden cardiac death.
ventricular fibrillation
What is the common termination point for submaximal aerobic capacity test using the percent age-predicted HR max and HRR approach?
85% APHRM
70% HRR
Factors that can influence heart rate
Food consumption
Caffeine
Dehydration
Nicotine
Temperature extremes
Stress & anxiety
Describe the effects of health-medicine 'revolution' and the industrial revolution on life expectancy.
Health-medicine revolution led to increases in life expectancy and decreases in deaths due to communicable diseases. Industrial revolution led to hypokinetic diseases, which contribute to premature mortality.
What are the 8 positive risk factors for CVD?
1. age 2. family history 3. cigarette smoking 4. sedentary lifestyle 5. obesity 6. dyslipidemia 7. diabetes 8. hypertension
Identify the 9 signs and symptoms of disease
1. angina 2. dyspnea 3. dizziness or syncope 4. orthopnea or paroxymal nocturnal dyspnea 5. ankle edema 6. palpitations or tachycardia 7. intermittent claudication 8. known heart murmur 9. unusual fatigue
What is the appropriate repetition range for indirect strength testing in clinical populations?
10-15
Specific reasons resistance training / muscular fitness is important in clinical populations
Improved risk factor profiles
Decreased risk mortality
Increased functional capacity
Improved musculoskeletal health (bone density, muscle mass)
Improved blood glucose control
Mitigate effects of certain drugs on musculoskeletal system