Anatomy
Downward rotation of the globe
Inferior rectus
Your athlete came in c/o vision issues. What is one question you should ask about when getting the history of the pt. general health?
Diabetes- can have an increased risk of retinopathy.
Your athlete got a softball to the eye at her game today. There was immediate bruising and now she is losing some vision. Is this an emergency? What do you advise the athlete not to do?
Yes emergency (onset of hyphema)- do not blow your nose.
Fluorescent Dye Test is used for what injury
Corneal Abrasion
Viral conjunctivitis discharge
bacterial conjunctivitis discharge
clear/ watery
yellow/ green
Abduction/ depression/ rotation of globe when adducted
Superior oblique
PEARL
Pupils Equal And Reactive (to) Light
Infection of eyelash follicle/ sebaceous gland @ edge of eyelid
*Caused by staphylococcal organism from rubbing or dust particles
Sty
AROM is not assessed when what injury is suspected
Ruptured Globe
How do you manage a hyphema
patching and shielding the eye with immediate referral to an ED
Nerve in back of globe
Optic nerve
Shaking of the eyes
Nystagmus
Small capillaries rupture making white sclera turn red
Relatively harmless-> resolves in 1-3 weeks
P!, Limited movement, blurred vision/ blood in ant. chamber (go to physician)
Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
Assessment of pupillary reaction (CN III) reveals that the pupil reacts sluggish compared with pupil of uninjured eye
Traumatic iritis
Spontaneous retinal detachment is indicative of what other medical condition?
Marfan Syndrome
Eye orbit
lacrimal, zygoma, sphenoid, frontal, ethmoid, maxilla, palentine
Air bubbles within ant. chamber and an irregularly shaped pupil are highly diagnostic of what?
Corneal laceration
Ant. chamber may be deepened. Globe may be obviously deformed. Teardrop shaped pupil. Hyphema may be present.
Sensory testing of the cheek and lateral nose
Infraorbital nerve involvement d/t orbital fx
If the patient is unable to read a Snellen Chart, fingers may be used. When testing fingers are held at different distances. If diplopia (double vision) occurs they should be referred to an ophthalmologist. If symptoms occur after a head injury what should they be evaluated for?
Concussion
Main structure involved in focusing light rays entering the eye
Cornea
Being hit by hard objects that are larger deliver forces where?
Being hit by smaller deliver forces where?
Eye's bony margin
Directly to the eye
Blow-out fx vs Blow- up fx
Out- fx of medial wall
Up- fx of orbital roof
When a light is shined into one pupil, it should also result in constriction to the opposite pupil (CNIII). The pupil not constricting when exposed to light suggests what?
pathology to optic nerve/ retina
The pt is advised to gaze straight ahead with the uninvolved eye to limit voluntary eye movement if they have what injury?
Orbital fx