What is cataracts? What happens to the eyes?
Clouding of the lens of the eye or its surrounding transparent membranes blocking light from entering eye.
-patients c/o decreases in vision -abnormal color perception
-glare is worse at night
-visual decline is gradual
-one of most common eye disorders
What is Pilocarpine?
anti-glaucoma ophthalmic solution
What is timolol?
beta blocker, anti glaucoma, antihypertensive
results of a Snellen eye test that indicate a vision loss.
Hesitancy, squinting, leaning forward, misreading letters. The larger the denominator, the poorer the vision. If vision is poorer than 20/30 (what most people see at 30 ft, the pt sees at 20ft), refer to an eye specialist.
What is glaucoma?
abnormal condition of elevated pressure within an eye caused by obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor. If untreated often results in peripheral visual loss, decreased visual acuity w/ difficulty adapting to darkness, and a halo effect around lights
What is Pilocarpine Action?
Constricts the pupil, direct stimulation of muscular receptors
What is timolol ACtion?
blocks alpha/beta receptors in vascular muscles
normal findings and examples of deviations from normal during assessment of gross motor function and balance
Abnormal findings include decreased strength in one or both sides, pain, decreased or unequal sensation (ex. with stroke, a sensation is lost in the face and body on the opposite side of the lesion), muscle weakness, asymmetry, atrophy, paralysis, swaying, falling, widening base of feet to avoid falling, ataxia, unequal rhythm of steps, slapping of feet, stiff, immobile posture.
What is visual acuity?
a measure of the ability of the eye to distinguish shapes and the details of objects at a given distance
What is Pilocarpine Use?
to treat glaucoma
What is timolol use?
: to treat glaucoma
Compare and contrast miotics and mydriatics
Miotics constrict the pupil. Myrdriatics dilate the pupil.
What is Strabismus?
cross eyed. When a person cannot align both eyes simultaneously under normal conditions.
What is Pilocarpine Side Effects?
burning, stinging, irritation, redness, headache
What is timolol side effects?
irritation, burning, stinging, bronchospasm
how the nurse assesses a patient’s mental status and level of consciousness.
Assess mental status - Appearance, Behavior, Cognition, Thought Process. Assess speech, facial movement, orientation, gag reflex. Is the patient alert? Is the patient oriented? Oriented is cognitive, some facilities assess orientation X4. X1 - alert & oriented to person - they know their name X2 - alert & oriented to place - they know where they are X3 - alert & oriented to time - time, day, season, year X4 - alert & oriented to event - what just happened or what is happening
What is Nystagmus?
a vision condition in which the eyes make repetitive, uncontrolled movements Sarah edit: rapid involuntary movements of the eyes
What are Pilocarpine Impications?
administer as directed, follow up with provider for any adverse effects, monitor intraocular pressure with provider
What is timolol implications?
observe for systemic reaction to beta blocker -Pt must have intraocular pressure monitored by provider -take as directed -wash hands before & after, do not touch tip of dropper
purpose of tonometry.
To assess for glaucoma. Measures the pressure inside the eye.