Etiology/Pathophysiology
Streptococcus pneuomoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and streptococcus pyogenes
Nasal congestion, clear rhinorrhea, itchy nose, and sneezing are symptoms of this diagnosis
Allergic Rhinitis
Test of choice for diagnosing sinusitis
CT scan
Treatment of choice for sialolithiasis
90% of anterior nasal bleeds come from this area
Kiesselbach's Plexus
MCC of periorbital cellulitis
Staphylococcus aureus
White lesions in oral cavity that cannot be removed by scraping
Leukoplakia
"Thumbprint sign" on lateral x-ray is a common finding of this diagnosis
Epiglottitis
Fluconazole or a nystatin mouth rinse can be used to treat this condition in which white patches appear on the mucosa of the mouth and can be scraped off
Oral candidiasis
Sinusitis is considered "chronic" at this number weeks
>12 weeks
Bullous myringitis is commonly associated with this pathogen
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Foul aural discharge, deep otalgia, granulations in ear canal
Malignant otitis externa
A condition in which opacity of the lens can be seen through an ophthalmoscope or slit lamp and later in the disease the fundus becomes absent and the pupil is white
Cataract
Patient with MS presents with unilateral progressive loss of color vision with pain behind the eye. This is the treatment of choice for this eye condition
IV Methylprednisolone
Nasal polyps are common in childhood in those with this genetic disease
Cystic fibrosis
Most concerning cause of bacterial pharyngitis due to potential complications
Group A Beta Hemolytic Strep
Persistent hoarseness in a smoker is a classic presentation of this disease
SCC of the larynx
The test used for quick results when pharyngitis is suspected
Rapid antigen detection test (RADT)
Treatment of choice for bacterial pharyngitis in patient with PCN allergy
Erythromycin
MC deep infection of the head and neck
Peritonsillar Abscess
Parainfluenza virus can cause this infection that presents with a barking cough and is most commonly seen in pediatric patients
Croup
Compare and contrast presentations of viral conjunctivitis and bacterial conjunctivitis
Viral: post URI, watery discharge, palpable preauricular node
Bacterial: copious mucopurulent discharge, matted upon waking, inflammation
Sign shown on xray in croup
Steeple sign
If mastoiditis fails to respond to antibiotics, this treatment may be necessary
Mastoidectomy
Criteria for tonsillectomy in patient with recurrent tonsillitis
3 episodes a year for 3 years
5 episodes yearly for 2 years
7 episodes in one year