Progressive Era
(1890-1920) many people believed a solution to social problems in the nation lay in a more active role of the government.
What was the Progressive Era?
1881, President James Garfield was shot by Charles J. Guiteau felt he was owed a government position due to his support in Garfield's election. Chester Arthur helped pass the Pendleton Civil Rights act of 1883 which ended the practice of “Patronage”.
What was the Assassination of President Garfield?
(John Hays) Established in 1899 Allowed nations to trade with China
What is the Open Door Policy?
In the 1920’s, involved big oil companies, high ranking gov officials, bribery, & corruption.
What was the Teapot Dome Scandal?
A deep economic depression, High unemployment, Devastating drought, The Dust Bowl.
What was the Great Depression?
Secret society in the late 1860’s by ex-Confederate soldiers, revived back in 1915 by White nativists who were inspired by nostalgic Vision of the former South & the movie Birth of a Nation.
Who was the Ku Klux Klan? (KKK)
freedom of private business to operate with little regulation by the government.
What is Free Enterprise?
Usage of Financial Power to extend international influence, instead of military. (William Taft established it)
What is the Dollar Diplomacy?
Russian revolution started as a worker Revolt Americans associated labor strikes with Communism. People feared that communists wanted to overthrow the U.S Govt.
What was the Red Scare?
The Stock Market Crash of 1929 occurred on October 29, 1929, when billions of dollars were lost on the New York Stock Exchange
What was Black Tuesday?
Passed in response to Upton Sinclair’s work The Jungle; was intended to protect consumers from harmful, adulterated, misbranded, or poisonous foods, drugs, medicines, & liquors.
What was the Pure Food & Drug Act?
Cornelius Vanderbilt: Created Rail Roads, John D. Rockefeller: Used Oil, Andrew Carnegie: Made Steel, JP Morgan: Founded Banking/Stocks.
Who were the entrepreneurs of America?
Established on July 5th 1917, in France, it fought alongside French, British, Canadian New Zealand & Australian armies against the Germans.
What was the A.E.F?
In September 1920, bombs were set off on Wall Street & 38 people were killed, 1 bomb targeted & damaged the house of the U.S Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer. Raids targeted radical immigrants; Anarchists, Socialists, Communists. 1000’s were arrested & 500 were deported, No evidence was found of any plot to overthrow the U.S govt, These raids were considered to be an abuse of federal power.
What were the Palmer Raids?
Tariffs, Stock Market Speculation Became a barrier to European countries trying to repay their WW1 debts to the U.S Stock Market Speculation Buying stocks on Margin led to rampant speculation which led to Falsely High stock prices.
What were the causes of The Great Depression?
Social role of women is that of the Lady of The House, taking care of the family. Seneca Fall Convention was the 1st women’s right convention organized by Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, & Lucretia Mott.
What was the Women’s suffrage movement?
refers to the buying, selling, or moving of goods, services, or money across state lines within the United States.
What is Interstate Commerce?
Turning point of WW1, Succeeded in its objective to capture & break Important German railroad stations, Final Allied offensive that forced the Germans to agree to the armistice.
What was the Battle of Argonne Forest?
“Coolidge Prosperity”; Low taxes, Blanched budgets, Robust economy. Americanization/Assimilation; Established Indian Boarding Schools, Focused on Americanizing Native American children.
What was the Coolidge Administration?
Widespread Unemployment By 1933 unemployment was at 25% Food shortages and ”Bread lines” began as prices increased Demand for Consumer goods and the ability for consumers to make installment payments declined so manufacturers reduced production which resulted in layoffs, Many unemployed men traveled the Railroads in search of better economic opportunities
What were the effects of The Great Depression?
The end of reconstruction, legislatures in the Southern states passed laws that were intended to enforce racial segregation. Limit voting rights of African Americans, Property requirements, Poll taxes to keep them from voting, Grandfather clauses, Literacy tests.
What were the Jim Crow Laws?
Led by Terence V. Powderly, rejected socialism & anarchism, main demands were to have 8 hour work days & to end child labor & convict labor. 1938(Fair Labor standards act): Decreased work hours from 100 to 40 hours, controlled minimum wage, stopped child labor.
Who were the Knights of Labor?
Reduction of armaments, Freedom of the Seas, End of Secret Alliances, Removal of Trade Barriers, Self-Determination for Nation-States, Creation of League of Nations
What were Woodrow Wilson's 14 points?
“America first”, “Return to Normalcy”; Wanted to return to Pre-WW1 America. Return of Laissez-Faire Economics, No govt intervention in the economy, including Big Business. Reduced taxes; Led to increased consumerism & Luxurious lifestyles.
What was the Harding Administration?
Millions of acres of farmland became useless which led to increase poverty levels and inflated food prices Great clouds of dust and sand were carried by the wind, hence the name ”Dust Bowl” Hundreds of thousands migrated from the mid west, many to California
What were the effects of the Dust Bowl?