Biomolecules & Enzymes
This macromolecule is made of amino acid monomers
What is a protein?
Organelle responsible for ATP production.
What is the mitochondrion?
Primary energy source for most ecosystems
What is sunlight?
Segment of DNA coding for a trait.
What is a gene?
Process driving change in populations over time.
What is natural selection?
These bonds hold amino acids together in a polypeptide.
What are peptide bonds?
Membrane described as selectively permeable.
What is the plasma (or cell) membrane?
Organelle where photosynthesis occurs.
What is the chloroplast?
Genetic cross predicting offspring genotypes.
What is a Punnett square?
Random DNA change introducing variation
What is mutation?
Increasing substrate concentration increases rate until this occurs
What is enzyme saturation?
Failure of spindle fibers during meiosis causes this
What is nondisjunction?
Energy stored in glucose originated as this.
What is solar energy?
Source of variation created during meiosis
What is crossing over?
Trait frequency increases due to survival advantage.
What is selection pressure?
Heat can reduce enzyme activity by altering this structural level.
What is tertiary structure?
Predict effect of cytokinesis without mitosis.
Daughter cells would have incorrect DNA content.
Explain why plants respire even in light.
Why is Cells constantly need ATP beyond photosynthetic supply
Explain why height shows continuous variation.
Polygenic inheritance with environmental influence
Explain antibiotic resistance development
Resistant bacteria survive and reproduce
Explain why enzymes do not change ∆G (the total free energy) of reactions
They lower activation energy but do not change free energy
Explain how ribosome structure supports protein synthesis
rRNA and proteins create binding sites for tRNA and mRNA.
Predict effect of reduced vacuole size on photosynthesis
What is Less water storage lowers photosynthetic rate.
Explain how identical genotypes show different phenotypes.
Environmental effects on gene expression
Explain why mutations are not goal-directed.
They occur randomly; selection is nonrandom.