Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions
farming practice in which different crops are grown in a field to maintain the soil’s fertility
What is crop rotation?
spiritual movement that brought many to salvation, started many churches, and prepared the American colonies for independence
What is the Great Awakening?
bourgeoisie
Who are capitalists?
replaced romanticism as a new art form; pictured everyday life in realistic detail
symbolic head of government in Canada
What is the British Crown?
invented the cotton gin
Who is Eli Whitney?
workers sought
to improve their wages and working conditions by forming theses
What are unions?
the privilege to vote in elections
What is suffrage?
a process developed by Louis Pasteur in which milk and other liquids are heated in order to slow the development of disease-causing microbes
What is pasteurization?
gave French Canadians rights, passed in 1774
someone who sells inventions or starts a business for financial gain and accepts the risk of personal loss
What is an entrepreneur?
first known religious group to challenge slavery.
Who are Quakers?
student of philosophy and history who wrote the Communist Manifesto with Friedrich Engels
Who is Karl Marx?
a Scottish scientist who made major contributions to the fields of physics and astronomy
Who is James Maxwell?
elected in Mexico based on his promises of a constitutional democracy and prosperity; transformed his government into a dictatorship
Who is Porfirio Diaz?
developed one of the first known self-propelled steam engines
Who is John Fowler?
a former slave-ship captain who became a Christian in 1748; wrote the hymn “Amazing Grace”
Who is John Newton?
drinking in moderation
What is temperance?
wrote about the negative aspects
of the Industrial Revolution, including the slums where many workers lived
Who is Charles Dickens?
created the dominion of Canada with four provinces: Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia
What is the British North America Act?
supplied by bankers or wealthy investors to entrepreneurs to help them get their business started
What is capital?
American abolitionist; editor of the newspaper The Liberator
Who is William Lloyd Garrison?
movement in England in the 1800s that called for universal manhood suffrage and elections by secret ballot
What is Chartism?
patented the first known telegraph; developed the code to use with the telegraph machine
Who is Samuel Morse?
What are Uruguay, Chile, Costa Rica, and Colombia?