Ranges
Platelet range
140,000 to 400,000
What does calcium do and where is it found?
Strengthen teeth and bones; 99% in bones and teeth, 1% blood
What is the purpose for IV therapy?
Maintain or provide daily body fluids and electrolytes, replace fluid and electrolyte loss, infusion of IV medications
What is a normal range for A1C? Optimal disease control?
4.0%-5.5%; 6.5% or less
What is the normal specific gravity for urine?
1.005 to 1.029
Calcium Range
8.2 to 10.2
What is the biggest concern in a patient with hyponatremia?
Seizures
Where is the shift in isotonic solutions?
There is no shift with isotonic. Concentration equals concentration of body fluids.
When does the body release troponin?
3-4 hours after an MI
What is a low platelet count?
Thrombocytopenia
BUN range
6 to 20
What would you give a patient to treat hyperkalemia?
Kayexalate to move bowels
What are the problems associated with third-spacing?
Can cause rupture of cells, edema, respiratory problems and nerve compression
What labs do you look at to determine whether a patient has CHF?
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)
>400 is CHF
What is the normal white blood cell count?
4.5 to 11.1
Potassium range
3.5 to 5.3
What foods could you suggest to a patient with hypomagnesemia?
leafy greens, whole grains, beans, fish, almonds, soy
Which IV solution is most similar to electrolyte content of the body?
Lactated ringer's
A patient returns from having an EGD and would like a drink. What does the nurse do first?
Check that the gag reflex has returned
What does the glomerular filtration rate measure?
Volume of urine that is filtered by kidneys in 1 minute. Should be >60 mL/min
Hemoglobin range
Male: 14 to 17.3
Female: 11.7 to 15.5
How would a patient with hyperkalemia appear?
bradycardia, arrythmias, numbness or prickling sensation, flaccid paralysis, muscle weakness
What is the only IV solution used to initiate and discontinue blood transfusions?
0.9% NaCl (normal saline)
Why is a thoracentesis done?
To remove excess fluid from the pleural space by inserting a needle through the chest wall.
What is the normal range for hematocrit?
Males: 42-52%
Females: 36-48%