Energy Systems
Name for the high energy compound that stores and transfers energy to body cells, allowing them to perform specialised functions (eg. muscle contraction)
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Jogging for 2 laps of the track and then sprinting for one lap of the track followed by no more than 20 seconds of rest before repeating again and again is what kind of aerobic training
What is "aerobic interval training"
One of the only physiological adaptations to training which shows a decrease.
"resting heart rate"
A coach threatening to double training time if the team loses is utilizing
"negative/external motivation"
This is a psychological process characterised by fear or apprehension in anticipation of confronting a situation perceived to be potentially threatening.
"anxiety"
What is the time it takes to exhaust CP supplies when exercising
10-12 seconds
The four types of aerobic training.
continuous training, fartlek training, aerobic interval training and circuit training
This can be as high as 40 litres per minute in a highly trained endurance athlete
cardiac output. It is 15-20 in untrained.
Continual reinforcement by others such as the coach, family and friends can result in this type of motivation
"positive/external" motivation
This is used to describe how one person may become more stressed then another.
"trait anxiety"
These are the byproducts of the aerobic system which creates energy in the presence of oxygen (2 things)
carbon dioxide and water
The name of stretching which has a static stretch, followed by an isometric contraction of the muscle being stretched, followed by a relaxing of the muscle and then another static stretch
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation or (PNF) stretching
Why is stroke volume and cardiac output higher in a trained athlete compared to untrained?
Ventricles are more elastic and powerful - can pump more/faster
Centred breathing is an example of this branch of strategy to manage anxiety and enhance motivation
"relaxation"
The hormone that readies the body for action when stress is experienced.
"adrenaline"
This is the process where glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen to produce energy
"anaerobic glycolysis"
The threshold of exercise that is sufficient to cause a training effect and is between 60-80% of a persons maximum heart rate
the "aerobic threshold"
With training, these fibres will show hypertrophy and a greater tolerance for lactic acid.
"fast twitch or white fibres"
This strategy requires the athlete to go through all the steps required to complete a skill in their mind...
"Mental rehearsal"
Optimal arousal levels for quality performance can be impacted by an individuals personality and factors such as... Name one of the three.
self-expectation, expectation by others, experience
The time it takes for the lactic acid to totally diffuse from the muscle and into the bloodstream where it is then reconverted into glycogen by the liver during recovery from using the lactic acid system for energy use.
What is 30 minutes to one hour
Name all the types of training and training methods
Aerobic - circuit, continuous, fartlek, interval
Anaerobic - interval
Strength - elastic, hydraulic, free/fixed
Flexibility - PNF, static, dynamic, ballistic
What are the reasons for the increase in oxygen uptake and lung capacity with training?
size of lungs increases, total amount of air breathed in increases, number of capillaries allowing more oxygen to be breathed in increases.
What are four important points to consider when goal setting?
realistic, goals that are too high or too easy can result in a lack of motivation, long term and short term goals need to be set, goals need to be objectively measurable and realistically attainable.
a)This sport would require a low level of arousal for peak performance. Name a sport
b)This sport would require a high level of arousal for peak performance. Name a sport
a) archery
b) weight lifting