Physics
What is the coldest possible temperature?
Absolute zero (-273.15°C )
A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy, without being consumed itself.
Catalyst
A simple, single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (like bacteria).
Prokaryote
The fundamental socio-political unit in pre-colonial Philippines, consisting of kinship-based communities typically ranging from 30 to 100 families.
Barangay
Highest peak on Earth
Mount Everest
The rate at which an object changes its position; it is calculated as displacement divided by time.
Velocity
A logarithmic scale ranging from 0 to 14 used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution
pH Scale
The double-helix molecule that stores the genetic instructions and hereditary code for the development and functioning of living things.
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
The traditional title for a chief, monarch, or sovereign ruler of a pre-colonial barangay or indigenous community.
Datu
Coldest inhabited place on Earth
Oymyakon, Russia
The stored energy an object has due to its position or configuration.
Potential Energy
A pure substance made entirely of one type of atom that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
Element
A type of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, used for growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction.
Mitosis
The historic trans-Pacific trade route (1565–1815) that connected Manila to Acapulco, Mexico, exchanging Asian luxury goods for Mexican silver.
Galleon Trade
A country inside a city
Vatican City
The transfer of heat energy through a material by direct atomic or molecular contact without any bulk motion of the material.
Conduction
The basic unit of a chemical element, made up of a nucleus of protons and neutrons surrounded by a cloud of electrons.
Atom
A biological community of interacting living organisms (biotic) and their physical, non-living environment (abiotic).
Ecosystem
A term used during the Spanish era for Spaniards born in the Philippines, distinct from Peninsulares (Spaniards born in Spain).
Insulares
Deepest ocean trench
The Mariana Trench
An electrical circuit configured with only one single path for the current to flow through all components sequentially.
Series Circuit
An electron located in the outermost shell of an atom that determines the atom's chemical reactivity and bonding behavior.
Valence Electron
A group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function within an organism (like muscle tissue).
Tissue
A communist guerrilla movement originally formed in 1942 to fight the Japanese occupation during World War II, later resisting the post-war Philippine government.
Hukbalahap
The world's highest active volcano
Ojos del Salado