Foundations
Arnold is an old-school BCBA and believes that we should only consider the things we can experience with our senses, while ignoring internal feelings. His beliefs are most consistent with _______
Methodological Behaviorism
Sarah's family loves to argue at the dinner table, and she hates it. One day, she bakes some chocolate muffins and everyone stops arguing when she brings them out. Going forward, she makes chocolate muffins for all family gatherings and brings them out whenever people start to argue.
Negative Reinforcement/Escape
Haley is putting in a program for one of her kiddos to complete his morning routine, but starts by having him put his lunchbox in the fridge while the technician completes all the steps before that for the kiddo.
Backwards Chaining
Brenden is a pitcher for a baseball team and he loves when the crowd in the stadium does the wave. The crowd starts a wave everytime he strikes out a batter
Fixed Ratio of 1/CRF
Kiara's kiddo takes her sister's tablet when her own tablet battery dies. Kiara instructs mom and dad to reinforce sister asking for a turn, and to lock the tablet if the kiddo steals it.
Differential Reinforcement of Alternative (DRA) Behavior
Christian's kiddo hasn't had any behaviors in session for the last 3 weeks, but comes in on Wednesday and begins screaming and crying while holding his head. Christian suggests doing an FA, but his supervisor decides they should probably make sure he isn't just sick before doing anything drastic.
Parsimony
Olivia is the BCBA for Nick, who is currently potty training. She requests that Nick's family provides an edible reinforceer that Nick can only have for toileting successes.
Specific/Contingent
Aidan is working with JoJo on tracing and has been reinforcing any time that JoJo puts the pen on the paper. Now that is happening in consistently and Aidan begins only reinforcing when JoJo keeps the pen within an inch of the line.
Shaping (Within Topography)
Abbi works with AbAj and his protocol says that he is only allowed to go the gym once every 2 hours, and he has to ask after the 2 hours are up.
Fixed Interval of 2 Hours
Emily sneaks out of her house to see her boyfriend when she is in highschool, and she normally throws a pebble at his window to get his attention. One day, he doesn't come to the window so she spends about 10 minutes continuing to throw more pebbles at his window.
Extinction Burst
Bob is getting irritiable when his technician tries to get him to join peer play in the gym. The technician asks Bob what is wrong, and he says "My stomach hurts". Bob having a stomachache is an example of a ____
Private Event
Abigail's lacrosse coach makes her pass a ball to herself off of a wall 100x and run windsprints every time she is mean to one of her teammates at practice.
Contingent Exercise
Over time, Dave gradually reduces how obvious his gestural cues towards the animals he is asking his kiddo to receptively identify are (going from human arm to T-rex arm when prompting over time).
Prompt Fading
Jillian enjoys her downtime and her husband knows this, so once every four weeks, he plans a stay-in date night for them, which Jillian enjoys.
Fixed Time of 4 Weeks
McKenna isn't sure what skill to teach to replace her kiddo's elopement behavior, so she settles on hand holding in the hallway to prevent it from happening. She reinforces handholding for now.
Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible (DRI) Behavior
While writing a BIP, Krystal is very focused on making sure that everything is written clearly so that even the people who don't know HaMa can implement the strategies appropriately. Krystal is being _____
Technological
Justin sees pictures of McKenna's recent cruise on Facebook, and immediately goes and books a couple cruises/vacations because of how much fun it looks like McKenna had
Vicarious Reinforcement
Erin is unsure of what type of chaining she should be using with her kiddo. She is trying to teach him the routine of packing up to go home, but he always says that he doesn't want to leave Blossom.
Forward Chaining
Avery has recently been watching Masterchef, and as a result, has gotten into meal prepping/cooking more. Most of the meals she likes to make require her to mix ingredients together in a baking dish, and then bake them in the oven for a certain amount of time before taking them out.
Chained Schedule Of Reinforcement
Kaygan frequently goes into Shana's desk to check for snacks. One day, Shana catches this and going forward, she locks her desk so it doesn't open, even when Kaygan turns the handle.
EXTINCTION OR PUNISHMENT??
Extinction - Kaygan can still engage in the behavior (turning the handle), but the reinforcement is no longer available
Research says that token economies and Non-Contingent Reinforcement can be effective ways to decrease maladaptive behavior, but after trialing these strategies against each other in a study, Nyarko realizes that desensitization is more effective for the kiddos at Blossom, so she focuses on doing that instead.
Pragmatic
Ashley gets mad at her boyfriend because when he did the dishes, he left one of the plates dirty. She yells at him and then makes him clean the entire kitchen, including all of the other dishes, the next day.
Reprimand + Restitutional Overcorrection
While teaching her kiddo to communicate with AAC device, Natalie's SLP changes some of the buttons that she wants Natalie to focus on in session so that they have a bright yellow border around them, making them stick out a little more.
Salience (also using a stimulus prompt)
Tatem is studying for the BCBA exam, and she rewards herself for studying with a sweet treat at the end of every session. However, she can only have the sweet treat if the material she studied that day is different than what she looked at the past 2 days.
Lag of Schedule of Reinforcement
Casey is working with little Joey and the BCBA has him on a fixed interval schedule of 2 hours for tv time. The behavior that earns the tv time when two hours is up is asking. After tv time, Joey waits about an hour before he starts periodically asking again.