Biomolecules
Cell Organelles & Functions
Mitosis
DNA and RNA
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
100
What is a monomer? What is a polymer?
Monomer - an individual unit
Polymer - 2 or more units
100
What is the mitochondria?
An organelle that makes energy for the cell - Powerhouse of the cell
100
What are the phases of mitosis in order?
PMAT- Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
100
Replicate the following DNA strand. TTATCCAGGAGA
AATAGGTCCTCT
100
Where does photosynthesis happen? Where does cellular respiration happen?
Photosynthesis- chloroplast
Cellular Respiration- mitochondria
200
What is a carbohydrate?
A biomolecule used for a a source of energy; bread, sugar, starch, ect.
200
List the 3 parts of the cell theory.
1. Cells are the basic unit of life. 2. All living things are made of cells. 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
200
What is cancer?
A disorder when cells lose their ability to control their growth rate (divisions) - Uncontrolled cell growth
200
What is DNA replication? What does it result in?
The copying of DNA. Results in a new DNA molecule where 1/2 the DNA molecule is a new strand and 1/2 the DNA molecule is the original strand.
200
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen
Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen
300
What is a lipid?
Fats, oils, waxes, and steroids are all examples of this.
300
What is the difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? (List at least 3 differences)
Prokaryotic cells have NO nucleus and NO organelles and only make up bacteria (unicellular organisms). Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles and can make up both unicellular AND multicellular organsims
300
What are checkpoints, and why are they important?
Checkpoints are self regulating intervals where the cell will check for mistakes and either correct them or self destruct.
300
What sugar does DNA have? What sugar does RNA have?
DNA = deoxyribose RNA = ribose
300
What organic compound is the main source of energy for living things?
Carbohydrates (glucose)
400
What are DNA & RNA?
The function of these are to carrying genetic information.
400
Which organelle breaks down and digests worn out cell parts? Which organelle in the cell builds proteins? Which organelle serves as a boundary and lets things in and out?
Lysosomes Ribosomes Cell membrane
400
What phase of mitosis is being shown below?
Anaphase
400
What is a nucleotide?
The building blocks of DNA and RNA.
400
Why are plants green?
Because they have chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll, a pigment that reflects green light.
500
What elements do all biomolecules contain?
C, H, O
500
What are the levels of organization in the body of organisms?
Cell-- Tissue-- Organ--- Organ System--- Organism
500
What is produced during mitosis? (how many cells, and general chromosome #s)
Mitosis- 2 identical daughter cells (has same # of chromosomes as parent cell - 23 pairs)
500
What is the difference in the nucleotides of DNA and RNA?
DNA nucleotide: DEOXYRIBOSE sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base adenine or guanine or THYMINE or cytosine RNA nucleotide: RIBOSE sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base adenine or guanine or URACIL or cytosine
500
What are the reactants and products of photosynthesis? What are the reactants and products of cellular respiration?
Photosynthesis reactants: carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight energy Photosynthesis products: glucose (high energy sugars) and oxygen Cellular respiration reactants: glucose (high energy sugars) and oxygen Cellular respiration products: carbon dioxide, water, and ATP energy