Byzantine Empire
The emperor who officially made Christianity the sole authorized religion of the Roman Empire.
Who was Emperor Theodosius
A religion that started in India and taught that people should give up worldly desires and seek enlightenment. This religion appealed to the rulers of Korea and Japan, who incorporated it into their government
What is Buddhism
The Arabic word for God
Allah
a valuable mineral and preservative from the Sahara Desert that North African merchants traded.
What is salt
an all-powerful creator, or supreme god, that indigenous populations in North America commonly worshipped
Ancient Greek city that became the capital of the Roman Empire and was renamed Constantinople.
What was Byzantium
This dynasty lasted only 30 years and lies between the Period of Disunion and the Tang dynasty.
What was the Sui Dynasty
Belief in one God
What is monotheism
The belief that water, animals, trees, and other natural objects have spirits; Popular in West Africa
What is animism
belief in MULTIPLE GODS; common among the indigenous populations of North and South America
What is polytheism
Body of water linking Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea; site where Constantinople was built
What is the Bosporus Strait
a valuable cloth made in China from threads spun by caterpillars called silkworms and exported to many countries; the Chinese government kept the production method a secret
What is silk
A religion based on the teachings of Mohammed which stresses belief in one god (Allah) and a body of law written in the Quran. Followers are called Muslims. In Arabic means "submission to the will of Allah"
What is Islam
priest-like elders who are believed to have special powers of communication with the spirit world
Who are shaman
As the world's oldest living participatory democracy, this political association, known as the Haudenosaunee, promoted peace among the Five Nations.
What is the Iroquois Confederacy
The language of the Eastern Roman Empire
Chinese invention that allowed explorers and navigators to determine direction, travel greater distances, and guide trade ships and warships
What is the compass
City in western Arabia to which Muhammad and his followers emigrated in 622 to escape persecution in Mecca. Means "the Prophet's city"
What is Medina
practice of honoring dead relatives; common in most traditional African religions; provided food for spirits in the hope that it keep their village from harm
What is ancestor worship
This oral constitution governed one of the most elaborate political associations in North America.
What is the Great Law of Peace
The religious leader who was recognized as the head of the Eastern Orthodox Church in the Eastern Roman Empire.
Who was the Patriarch of Constantinople
This invention became an easy and inexpensive way to keep records while helping the Chinese to more effectively manage their growing wealth.
What is paper
Loyal friend of Muhammad who was chosen as the first caliph.
Who was Abu Bakr
Professional oral historians/storytellers who were in charge of keeping the history of West Africa alive
Who are griots
a major Mesoamerican civilization of the YUCATAN Peninsula; produced magnificent ceremonial cities with pyramids, a sophisticated mathematical and CALENDAR system, hieroglyphic writing, and study of astronomy
Who were the Mayans
Byzantine Emperor who dreamed of reuniting the Roman Empire and reconquered much of the territory previously ruled by Rome. He rebuilt Constantinople, crushed the Nika Rebellion, and created a unified system of laws.
Who was Emperor Justinian
This Chinese advancement allowed a printer to arrange/rearrange and reuse individual characters within a frame. Song dynasty invented this to replace woodblock printing
What is moveable type
After moving the capital from Medina to Damascus, this dynasty extended the Muslim empire to its greatest extent.
Who were the Umayyads
short sayings of wisdom or truth used to teach lessons
What are proverbs
A peninsula in Central America extending into the Gulf of Mexico and an area where the MAYAN civilization settled
What is the Yucatan Peninsula
Justinian's wife and Empress; most trusted advisor; convinced him to remain during the Nika Rebellion; also pushed for more rights for women, children, and slaves.
Who was Theodosia
This philosophy outlined the structure and proper behavior of families while stressing social and civic responsibility for its followers.
What is Confucianism
Minority of Muslims who refused to accept Umayyad rule because they believed the Caliph SHOULD be RELATED to Muhammad. Called the "party" of Ali.
Who are the Shi'a Muslims
long poems that tell the stories of heroes and kingdoms; used by griots
What are epics
A farming method used by the Maya in which existing vegetation is clear-cut and burned.
What is slash and burn
A huge arena for chariot races and theatrical events in Constantinople.
What is the Hippodrome
A new class of leaders who had to pass a series of written examinations based upon their knowledge of Confucianism.
Who are scholar officials
Muhammad's example which is considered the model of proper living for Muslims.
What is the Sunnah
This tireless explorer depicted the political and cultural lives of West Africans in great detail
Who was Ibn Battuta
belief that rule is obtained directly from a god or gods; common belief held by the Mayans, Incas, and Aztecs
What is divine right
A simplified legal system (rewritten Roman laws) that helped people understand the Byzantium Empire's laws. Served as foundation of modern legal systems throughout Western Civilization. Developed by Justinian.
What is Justinian's Code
This leader is credited with unifying Mongol clans while conquering territories with a large army and establishing the foundation for the largest contiguous empire in world history.
Who is Ghengis Khan
The holy scripture of Islam. Muslims believe that this contains messages that Muhammad received from Allah. Considered to be Islam's most sacred text.
What is the Qur'an
Friend of Pope Leo X who traveled to Africa and wrote the most comprehensive description available to Europeans
Who was Leo Africanus
An item often used by the Aztecs and Maya in place of money.
What are cacao beans
The crowning glory of Justinian's reign, it was considered one of the most magnificent Christian churches. World's largest cathedral for about 1000 years.
What was the Hagia Sophia
The most famous European to visit China, he served as a government official under Kublai Kahn.
Who was Marco Polo
This system of law regulates the personal behavior of Muslims and their relationships with others.
What is the Shari'a
Most famous Muslim ruler of Mali and one of the richest men in history; He introduced Mali's empire to the world by making a famous pilgrimage (hajj) to Mecca; also greatly expanded Mali's territory.
Who was Mansa Musa
A Mesoamerican civilization that developed in the basin of the Central Mexican Plateau with a highly complex social organization and a tradition of human sacrifices.
Who are the Aztecs