Ad Fontem
Attempts to avoid the issue by insulting an opponent rather than focusing on the issue.
Ad Hominem Abusive
Distracts by making the audience afraid of the consequences of disagreeing with the speaker. Not realistic.
Appeal to Fear
What is a literal red herring?
A smelly fish
Assumes the correct answer is always the middle ground or a compromise between 2 extremes.
Fallacy of Moderation
What is the first question we always ask ourselves?
WHAT IS THE ISSUE AT HAND?
States that an idea or belief should be discounted simply because of its source or origin.
Genetic Fallacy
Distracts by making the audience feel sorry for the speaker or someone else. Appeals to compassion.
Appeal to Pity
Attempts to disprove the an opponent's position by presenting it in an unfair and inaccurate light.
Straw Man
Assumes that just because something is a certain way, it ought to be that way.
Is-Ought Fallacy
What is the art and science of reasoning?
Logic
Assumes that the rival's recommendation should be discounted because the rival does not always follow it himself.
Tu Quoque
Distracts by making the audience want to be part of the crowd or one of the "common people."
Mob Appeal
Claims that since a proposition cannot be disproven, it must therefore be true or likely true.
Appeal to Ignorance
Assumes the very thing one is trying to prove.
Begging the Question
Ad Fontem, Red Herring and Emotion are all subcategories of what?
Fallacies of Relevance
Tries to discredit an opponent because of their background, affiliations, or self interest in the matter.
Ad Hominem Circumstantial
Distracts by playing on on a person's desire to feel "special." Appeal toa sense of elitism or "discriminating taste."
Snob Appeal
Distracts by measuring a plan or policy according to goals is wasn't intended to achieve.
Irrelevant Goals or Functions
Assumes that the properties of the whole will be the same as the properties of the parts.
Fallacy of Composition
Frames the debate in such a way that only 2 options are possible.
Bifurcation
What does Ad Fontem mean?
Distracts by making the audience want to either be part of an old tradition, or part of the latest cool, new thing. Rejects or accepts based on the age.
Chronological Snobbery
Distracts by introducing a related but different issue and making a case for the new issue.
Irrelevant Thesis
Assumes that the qualities of the whole will also be true of every part of the whole.
Fallacy of Division
Distracts the listener by citing an unqualified expert and attempting to shame him into agreement.
Appeal to Illegitimate Authority