Rhyme Time
Things have been bad lately, so now good things are due.
But chance doesn’t work that way, not even for you.
Gambler's Fallacy
Gallant: “I think schools should offer more vegetarian options.”
Goofus: “Banning meat from school cafeterias is a terrible idea. Let me explain why...”
Strawman
Appeal to novelty
Any case where someone chooses or suggests something simply because it is new.
Ad hominem
Attacking a person instead of their argument.
"Pepsi claims that 1 in 7 Coke drinkers have diabetes. That's rich! Pepsi's CEO has diabetes!"
Tu Quoque
You saw just one swan, and it happened to be white.
Now you think all swans are white — does that seem right?
Hasty generalization
Gallant: “I’m not convinced that Ne Zha 2 is a good movie.”
Goofus: “But it's the highest grossing animated film of all time. Everyone in China is going nuts for it.”
Bandwagon
Slippery slope
Any example where someone claims, without explanation, that one action/event will set off a chain reaction with terrible consequences.
Perfect solution fallacy
Rejecting a plan or solution because it is not perfect
Lebron James drank a Coke before his last game and he scored 45 points. Clearly, Coke improves athletic performance! Take that, Pepsi."
Hasty generalization
A smelly distraction, let's follow a fishy new thread.
You said A, but let's talk about B instead.
Red herring
Gallant: “I can’t decide what to do this weekend.”
Goofus: “You can play the new Grobnob video game with us or experience serious FOMO!”
False dilemma
Sunk cost fallacy
Any example where someone justifies continuing to do something by appealing to the money, time, or energy already put into it.
The fallacy fallacy
Assuming a conclusion is false just because the argument for it was fallacious
"You've been drinking Coke all your life! Don't let some flashy Pepsi ads sway you now!"
Sunk cost fallacy
Forget the facts
Evoke smiles or tears
You can sway opinions
By preying on hopes and fears
Appeal to emotion
Gallant: “This new medicine, Ibuminephen, reduces headaches in 98% of people. You should try it for your chronic headaches”
Goofus: “Meh. I don't want to waste my money. I'll wait for something that is guaranteed to work.”
Perfect solution fallacy
Cherry picking
Any example where someone presents one favorable piece of evidence out of a bunch of unfavorable evidence.
Appeal to emotion
Stirring up people's emotions in the hope that it will get them to believe or do what you want.
"Finally, Coke 3.0 is here! You have to try it!"
Appeal to novelty
We’ve done it forever, so we must keep it that way
Old ways are better, like in my day
Gallant: “The more you suffer, the happier you'll be.”
Goofus: “What a dumb idea!”
Appeal to the stone
Tu quoque
Any example where someone points out that an argument is hypocritical.
Red herring
Changing the subject to avoid dealing with the actual topic/argument.
"Coke claims that an independent survey of 50,000 people found that 95% of people prefer Coke? Pah! That's just ridiculous!"
Appeal to the stone