Central Ideas & Themes
Washington declines to run for president again primarily to:
A) Avoid criticism from the public
B) Encourage the public to consider new leadership
C) Protest foreign policies
D) Pursue a military career
B) Encourage the public to consider new leadership
The phrase “palladium of your political safety and prosperity” is an example of:
A) Metaphor
B) Simile
C) Personification
D) Hyperbole
A) Metaphor
Why does Washington repeatedly stress the importance of national unity?
A) To encourage economic growth
B) To prevent internal conflict and foreign exploitation
C) To support military expansion
D) To promote a political party
B) To prevent internal conflict and foreign exploitation
In the sentence below, what does “apprise” most nearly mean?
"…it appears to me proper, especially as it may conduce to a more distinct expression of the public voice, that I should now apprise you of the resolution I have formed, to decline being considered among the number of those out of whom a choice is to be made."
A) Ignore
B) Praise
C) Assist
D) Inform
D) Inform
Washington decided not to seek a third term primarily to:
A) Retire from public life and prevent precedents for extended presidency
B) Protest Congress
C) Promote political parties
D) Run for governor
A) Retire from public life and prevent precedents for extended presidency
In discussing national unity, Washington emphasizes that:
A) States should compete with each other for resources
B) Liberty and independence are secured by remaining united
C) Local governments are more important than the federal government
D) Trade agreements are the key to security
B) Liberty and independence are secured by remaining united
Washington appeals to citizens’ emotions by emphasizing:
A) Their shared religion
B) Their past sacrifices for independence
C) Their economic success
D) Their military strength
B) Their past sacrifices for independence
Washington emphasizes virtue and morality to:
A) Justify his decision to retire
B) Highlight his personal beliefs
C) Promote religion in public schools
D) Encourage citizens to respect laws and the government
D) Encourage citizens to respect laws and the government
"But as it is easy to foresee that, from different causes and from different quarters, much pains will be taken, many artifices employed, to weaken in your minds the conviction of this truth…"
What does “artifices” most nearly mean in this sentence?
A) Tricks or clever schemes
B) Physical objects
C) Natural talents
D) Political offices
A) Tricks or clever schemes
Washington believes the “name of American” should:
A) Be secondary to state identity
B) Inspire national pride above local differences
C) Be used only in official documents
D) Reflect economic status
B) Inspire national pride above local differences
Washington warns that political parties:
A) Strengthen the nation by encouraging debate
B) Are necessary for democracy
C) Can divide citizens and weaken the union
D) Should be based on regional preferences
C) Can divide citizens and weaken the union
When Washington discusses avoiding “overgrown military establishments,” he is using:
A) Logos – logical reasoning
B) Pathos – emotional appeal
C) Ethos – credibility
D) Alliteration
A) Logos – logical reasoning
Washington’s choice to discuss foreign policy and alliances shows he wants to:
A) Warn against permanent foreign alliances
B) Encourage engagement in foreign wars
C) Promote trade with Europe
D) Show off his knowledge of international law
A. Warn against permanent foreign alliances
“Jealousy” in “jealous anxiety” means:
A) Envious feelings toward others
B) Vigilant care or watchfulness
C) Personal greed
D) Suspicion of friends
B) Vigilant care or watchfulness
Why does Washington stress good faith and justice toward foreign nations?
A) To avoid war and ensure lasting peace
B) To expand territory
C) To increase trade
D) To make other nations fear the U.S.
A) To avoid war and ensure lasting peace
Why does Washington emphasize the importance of national unity over regional or local differences?
Washington stresses national unity because…
He emphasizes unity because division could weaken the nation, make it vulnerable to foreign influence, and reduce collective security and prosperity.
Explain how Washington uses pathos to encourage citizens to remain united.
Washington encourages unity through pathos by… which makes citizens feel…
He appeals to citizens’ emotions by reminding them of shared history, sacrifices, and the value of liberty, encouraging pride and loyalty to the nation.
Why does Washington repeatedly stress the importance of virtue and morality?
Washington stresses virtue and morality because…
He wants citizens to act responsibly, uphold laws, and maintain national stability, showing that personal ethics are essential for public prosperity.
In the context of the passage, “insidious” most nearly means:
A) Open and direct
B) Subtle but harmful
C) Courageous and bold
D) Simple and obvious
B) Subtle but harmful
How does Washington’s Farewell Address provide guidance for future leaders and citizens?
Washington guides future leaders and citizens by…
It offers advice on unity, avoiding factions, foreign policy, and moral governance, creating a roadmap to protect the nation and sustain liberty.
Summarize the main theme of Washington’s Farewell Address.
he main theme of Washington’s Farewell Address is…
The address emphasizes that the nation’s success depends on unity, virtue, and moral governance. Citizens must avoid political factions, regional divisions, and permanent foreign alliances to ensure security and prosperity.
Explain how Washington combines ethos and logos to persuade citizens about the dangers of political factions.
Washington persuades citizens by… (ethos) and… (logos), which shows…
He uses his credibility as a former president (ethos) and presents logical consequences of factionalism (logos) to persuade citizens that divisions threaten the nation.
Explain how Washington uses his Farewell Address to shape citizens’ behavior after his retirement.
Washington shapes citizens’ behavior by…
Washington provides guidance on avoiding political factions, maintaining national unity, and upholding morality to ensure citizens act responsibly and preserve the nation’s success
When Washington warns of “alien[ating] any portion of our country from the rest,” the word “alienate” most nearly means:
A) Unite or bring together
B) Encourage loyalty
C) Educate about government
D) Cause to feel isolated or estranged
D) Cause to feel isolated or estranged
How does Washington’s advice about unity relate to the young nation’s security and prosperity?
Washington links unity to national security by…
He argues that a united nation is stronger, more secure from foreign threats, and better able to maintain peace and economic stability