Fat Digestion 1
Where does most fat digestion occur (Mono&Ruminant)
Monogastrics-S.I
Ruminants-Rumen
What happens to the glycerol produced by ruminats
When does ketogenesis occur?
When glucose is low
What is digestibility?
Measure of how efficiently animals utilize their feed
Horse eats 14 lbs (DM basis) of hay that is 16% CP. He excretes 1.8 lbs (DM basis) of fecal material that contains 18% CP. The fecal material contains 0.6 lb of metabolic protein. The horse excretes 0.8 lb of protein in his urine.
What is apparent DM(and crude protein)Digestibility?
Apparent DM= 87.14%
Apparent Crude Protein = 87.54%
Which organ secretes bile, and whats its purpose?
The pancreas, its a digestive fluid to aid in breaking down fats
What is the maximum % of fat that should be allowed in a ruminants diet?
2%
What causes ketosis?
Excessive buildup of ketones
Why is digestibility important?
Important for health and economic reasons
How much ATP is gained from a 12 carbon Fatty Acid?
95 ATP
What enzyme is responsible for breaking down fats?
Lipase
What are three unique types of fatty acids that microbes can produce?
Trans unsaturated, odd # chains, and branched chains
How might a cow develop ketosis?
Increase of fat in diet, loss of appetite (Decrease in glucose)
Three ways to measure digestibility (and which is most common)?
Apparent Digestibility, True Digestibility, and Apparent Biological Value (A.D. is most common)
Horse eats 14 lbs (DM basis) of hay that is 16% CP. He excretes 1.8 lbs (DM basis) of fecal material that contains 18% CP. The fecal material contains 0.6 lb of metabolic protein. The horse excretes 0.8 lb of protein in his urine.
Calculate True Digestibility
True Digestibility = 91.43%
What three components are fats broken down into?
Free F.A., Monoglycerides, and Glycerol
What are micelles and what are their purpose?
Transport molecules, help move compounds through watery areas (Long chain F.A.'s)
How can ketosis be prevented/treated?
Keep animal well fed and not OVER conditioned, I.V. Glucose and propylene glycol
What are five components of fecal excretions?
Undigested residue, secretions, cellular debris, excretory products, and microbial metabolites.
How much ATP is gained from a 24 Carbon Fatty Acid?
197 ATP
What are triglycerides broken down into in ruminants?
Glycerol and 3 F.A.'s
Through which system are fats transported before entering the bloodstream?
Lymphatic system
How does propylene glycol work as a treatment?
Turns into pyruvate (Skipping glycolysis) then into OAA in TCA Cycle
What makes something a good digestibility indicator?
It has to be inert (indigestible) and moves with digesta
Horse eats 14 lbs (DM basis) of hay that is 16% CP. He excretes 1.8 lbs (DM basis) of fecal material that contains 18% CP. The fecal material contains 0.6 lb of metabolic protein. The horse excretes 0.8 lb of protein in his urine.
Calculate the Apparent Biological Value
93.44%