Cladogram
What is a cladogram used for?
To sort different species with a common ancestor and to find derived traits.
What is diameter of field?
The diameter of the circular area when you look into a microscope.
What is used for an organism's scientific name?
Genus then species
What is symbiosis?
Symbiosis is the long-term, close relationship between two different organisms.
How many years ago did modern humans appear in Africa?
200,000 Years ago
When was the beginning of the the Great Migration?
1.75 million years ago
What is half-life?
The time taken for a radioactive substance to fall off half of it's original vaule.
What is behavioral adaptations?
Behavioral adaptation is an action or response by an organism that helps it to survive and reproduce in its environment.
What are the types of population curves?
Type 1: high birth rate and low death rate (humans)
Type 2: High birth rate and steady death rate (birds)
Type 3: High birth rate and high death rate (bugs)
What is a gamete?
A mature male or female reproductive cell that unites with the opposite gender cell to produce an egg.
How is punctuated equilibrium shown?
Long periods of little change that are interrupted by specific events that result in many different species.
A bone of carbon has 1/16 of the carbon left in it. If the half life of carbon is 5730 years, how old is the bone?
22920 years old
5730 x 4=22920
What are the groupings of a species in order?
Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species
What is an environment's carrying capacity?
The total number of organisms in a population that an environment can sustain for a long period of time.
Meiosis results in how many and what types of daughter cells?
4 haploid daughter cells
What is the difference between bilateral and radial symmetry?
Bilateral symmetry is symmetry where the left and right side are mirroring eachother. Radial Symmetry is identical halves around a central axis.
If a compund light microscope diameter of field is 4.5mm at 40x, what would be the DOF at 100x?
1.8mm
Formula: 40 x 4.5=DOF2 x 100
180=100, 180/100=1.8mm
What is a physiological adaptation?
A biochemical reaction within the body
What is the difference between density-dependent and density-independent factors?
Density dependent: Abiotic factors (weather, natural disasters)
Density independent: (competition, disease, predators)
What is the primary advantage to sexual reproduction?
Genetic Variation
What is the difference between Gradualism and Punctuated Equilibrium?
Gradualism is continuous change in one species, while Punctuated Equilibrium is many different periods of change, resulting in different species.
A bone of carbon has 1/32 of it's carbon left. If the half life of carbon is 5730 years, how many years old is it at 1/4 of it's half life?
11640 years old
Formula: 5730 x 2
What are the three criteria for an adaptation to be considered evolutionary?
Must be genetically passed down
Must be functional for a specific animal
Must contribute to an advantage in survival.
In a survivorship curve, an organism has a high birth rate and a steady death rate. What type of graph is this, and what animal could this be?
Type 2, and it could be a bird.
A fruit fly has a diploid number of chromosomes of 8, how many chromosomes are there in a sperm or egg?
4