Culture and Psychology
This field studies how culture and psychological processes shape and influence one another.
What is cultural psychology?
This type of variable is manipulated by the researcher to see its effect.
What is an independent variable?
Shared rules or expectations about appropriate behavior within a group.
What are norms/cultural norms?
This parenting style is high in warmth and high in control and tends to be associated with positive outcomes.
What is authoritative parenting?
This type of memory involves personal experiences and life events.
What is episodic memory?
A cultural dimension emphasizing group harmony, family ties, and interdependence.
What is collectivism?
This method involves observing behavior in natural settings without manipulating variables.
What is naturalistic observation?
The idea that people learn behaviors by observing models and the consequences they experience.
What is Social Learning Theory?
This temperament dimension involves how easily a child becomes upset and reacts to stress.
What is negative affectivity?
People from Eastern cultures are more likely to show this perceptual style.
What is holistic perception?
A cultural dimension emphasizing personal autonomy and individual achievement.
What is individualism?
Variables that could interfere with or explain the relationship between IV and DV are called these.
Extraneous (third) variable
The spread of cultural traits/events/information from one group or society to another.
What is diffusion?
This temperament reflects a child’s ability to focus attention and control impulses.
What is effortful control?
Explaining behavior based on personality traits or internal characteristics.
What is a internal (dispositional) attribution?
Judging another culture by the standards of one’s own culture.
What is ethnocentrism?
A researcher finds that the more time people spend on social media each day, the lower their reported sleep quality tends to be. What is this correlation?
What is a negative correlation?
The introduction of a new idea, behavior, or product into a culture that can help transmit cultural information.
What is innovation?
Researchers find that children who attend high-quality preschool programs show better social skills than those who do not, regardless of their genetic background.
What is nurture (environmental influence)?
Imagining alternative outcomes to events that have already happened.
What is counterfactual thinking?
What does WEIRD stand for?
What is Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic.
This research method is better for establishing causuality as opposed to other methods.
What is an experimental study (or experiment).
Violating these specific norms often results in severe social punishment or exclusion.
What are taboos?
In a society where people save money and invest in education for future benefits, they are exhibiting this cultural dimension.
What is long-term orientation?
A manager assumes an employee is competent in all areas because they are well-dressed and professional.
What is the halo effect?