Hormones/
Testosterone
Testosterone
___ is the tendency to resist change in order to maintain a stable, relatively constant internal environment.
What is homeostasis?
The ___, ___, and ___ make up the ___ Axis.
What is hypothalamus, pituitary glands, adrenal glands, and HPA?
Most physical brain development occurs ___.
What is before birth?
___ are environmental factors that can cause birth defects.
What are teratogens?
___ facilitates our body’s reward system and enables coordinated movement & attention.
What is dopamine?
Name one function of hormones.
What is:
Regulation of:
Chemical balance inside our body
Metabolism and energy balance
Biological clock (circadian rhythm)
Contraction of smooth & cardiac muscle fibers
Immune system functions
Control of growth and development
Regulation of reproductive systems
Stress activates two hormonal systems: the ___ response and the ___ response.
What is acute (fast) and chronic (slow) responses?
Weeks ___ to ___ are critical for fetal development.
What is 3 to 20?
___ is known as "the man who smiled his way into the execution chamber”.
Who is Robert Alton Harris?
___ are electrical signals, whereas ___ are chemical signals.
What are action potentials and neurotransmitters?
Hormones are ____ signals.
What are chemical signals?
List one reason why the findings of meta-analyses of testosterone and crime should be interpreted with caution.
What is:
1. Correlational, not causal (not experiments)
2. May be publication bias (only studies that find significant relationship are published)
3. If real, effects are indirect, not direct
___ is the process by which neurons travel from their point of origin in the neural tube to their destination in the brain/spinal cord.
What is neural migration?
Maternal smoking increases the risk of ___ and ___.
What is antisocial behavior and aggression?
Low levels of serotonin is associated with ___.
What is:
1. Increased aggression
2. Irritability
3. Hostility
4. Impulsivity
5. Higher risk of ADHD, suicide, alcoholism and personality disorders
Testosterone increases in ___ situations.
What is competitive?
___ is associated with high cortisol levels.
What is:
1. Social avoidance
2. Anxiety
3. Psychological stress
MPAs have been strongly linked with health/behavior because ___.
What is: if there's visible damage on the surface, there's likely to be much more significant damage beneath the surface (i.e. in the brain)?
Maternal stress can lead to ___.
What is low birth weight?
___ is the chemical that prevents post-synaptic receptors from receiving acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions.
What is alpha-neurotoxin?
Testosterone increases ___, NOT ___.
Social dominance behaviors, aggression
Low levels of cortisol are associated with ___.
What is:
1. Increased aggression
2. Increased risk-taking
3. Decreased self-control
4. Decreased fear
5. Increased sensitivity to punishment
___ motives are related to anger, revenge, impulsivity, or material gain. ___ motives are related to genetic predisposition, childhood environment, or prenatal environment.
___ is one type of teratogen.
What is:
1. Physical agents
2. Metabolic conditions
3. Infection
4. Drugs/chemicals
Current research is focused on how SSRIs improve ___ by changing how serotonin receptors function among people with depression.
What is neural plasticity?