Meat
USDA's Agricultural Marketing Service regulates the standards for this optional process for meat that can command a price premium
What is grading?
This refers to a type of fruit that can continue to ripen after harvest
What is climacteric
This process adds a hydrogen atom to make a fat more saturated, and typically uses heavy metal catalysts
What is hydrogenation?
This mixing method combines all ingredients at once and has minimal stirring
What is the muffin method
This analysis technique allows us to calculate a product's environmental impact across it's life
What is life cycle analysis?
These are two methods to tenderize meat
What are physical and enzymatic?
These components are indigestible, contribute to the plant's structure, and serve as a source of dietary fiber
Cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin
This type of fat has hydrogen bonds on opposite sides of the double bond, making it straighter and more likely to be solid at room temperature
What is a trans fat?
This mixing method requires cutting in solid fat into dry ingredients before lightly kneading or folding, and can be used to make rough puff pastry
What is the biscuit method?
This term is regulated by the USDA Agricultural Marketing Service and was developed to promote soil health
What is Organic
The presence of this component in meat dictates if a low and slow cooking method should be used
What is collagen
This family of compounds changes from insoluble to soluble as it breaks down during ripening. Breakdown of these substances contributes to changes in a fruit's texture as it ripens
What are pectic substances? Protopectin to pectin to pectic acid.
This refers to the ability of a fat to coat flour particles and hinder gluten development
What is shortening power?
This type of browning requires both sugars and proteins
What is the Maillard reaction
This schematic maps the steps and inputs in creating a product, and can be the first step for a life cycle inventory analysis
What is a process flow diagram?