Cell Division
The process of cell division that makes more diploid body cells
What is mitosis?
The process of DNA polymerase making more DNA form the original strand template
What is DNA replication?
A permenant change to DNA/genes/chromosomes
What is a mutation?
The process of RNA polymerase creating mRNA from the DNA template
What is transcription?
The process of ribosomes creating proteins using amino acids coded by the mRNA codons
What is translation?
The process of cell division that makes genetically unique haploid gametes
What is meiosis?
DNA replication occurs during this part of the cell cycle
What is S phase in interphase?
Mutation where nucleotides get added to the DNA during DNA replication
What is insertion?
The 3 parts of a nucleotide
phosphate, sugar, base
The final product of transcription and translation
What is a protein?
All the phases of the cell cycle
G1, S, G2, M
The DNA sequence that DNA polymerase would build to complement the following DNA template:
GCA TAG
What is CGT ATC?
Identify the type of mutation:
Original: ATT GCC
New: AAT GCC
What is substitution?
Rather than thymine, RNA uses this nucleotide
What is uracil (U)?
The 3 types of RNA
messenger (mRNA), ribosomal (rRNA), transfer (tRNA)
All the phases of mitosis
Product of DNA replication (looking for a specific name of the two copies of DNA held together by a centromere)
What is a sister chromatid?
The mutation that occurs in meiosis I when homologous chromosomes fail to separate or in meiosis II when sister chromatids fail to separate
What is nondisjunction?
The RNA sequence that RNA polymerase would build to complement the following DNA template:
GCA TAG
What is CGU AUC?
The amino acids for the following codons are:
CGU AUC
What are Arg and Ile?
Product of meiosis
4 haploid gametes
The enzyme that separates the 2 DNA strands AND the enzyme that adds new nucleotides to the template DNA strands during DNA replication
What are DNA helicase and DNA polymerase?
the exchange of DNA segments between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis, creating genetic variation in offspring
What is crossing over?
mRNA is produced in location 1 and moves to location 2. Name both locations in the cell
What is nucleus and ribosome (in the cytosol or rER)
All the molecules and cell parts necessary for translation
Ribosome, mRNA, tRNA charged with amino acid