Prompting & Prompt Fading
When we fade out a prompt, we move from the most intrusive to the lest intrusive prompt
Which is the correct order of fading
A: Partial physical- Full Physical-Model-Gesture
B: Full physical- Model- Partial Physical- Gesture
C: Model- Partial Physical- Gesture- Full Physical-
D: Full physical- Partial Physical-Model- Gesture
D: Full physical- Partial Physical-Model- Gesture
Which teaching method is most structured and usually takes place at a table with repeated trials?
A. NET
B. DTT
C. Incidental Teaching
D. Shaping
B. Discrete Trial Training (DTT)
Rationale: Discrete trial training is highly structured, uses repeated trials, and is typically conducted at a table with clear instructions, responses, and consequences
A client begins to cry after being told to clean up, and the demand is removed. This behavior is most likely maintained by what function?
A. Attention
B. Tangible
C. Escape
D. Automatic
C. Escape
This behavior is maintained by escape because the client cries after a demand is given and the demand is removed right after the behavior. When the demand is taken away, the client successfully avoids or escapes the task.
The primary goal of behavior reduction plans is to:?
A) Stop all behaviors immediately
B) Decrease problem behaviors and teach replacement skills
C) Punish undesired behaviors
D) Focus only on data collection
B) Decrease problem behaviors and teach replacement skills
True or False
Data should be collected only for behavior that we want to decrease?
False.
Data are collected on behaviors we want to decrease to objectively measure problem behavior and evaluate the effectiveness of behavior-reduction interventions, and on behaviors we want to increase to monitor skill acquisition and ensure that appropriate replacement behaviors are strengthening and functionally replacing problem behaviors over time.
Which is the most intrusive prompt?
A: Model prompt
B: Full Physical prompt
C: Gesture prompt
D: Partial Physical prompt
B: Full Physical prompt
Teaching a client to request snacks during snack time using natural motivation is an example of:
A. DTT
B. Prompting
C. NET
D. Extinction
C. Natural Environment Teaching (NET)
Rationale: Natural Environment teaching uses everyday routines and natural motivation to teach skills in real-life settings.
A client hits when peers are playing nearby. Staff immediately redirect and talk to the client. The hitting increases. What is the function?
A. Automatic
B. Attention
C. Escape
D. Tangible
B. Attention
Rationale: The behavior is maintained by attention because staff interaction follows the behavior and reinforces it. Behavior increases; this shows that attention is reinforcing it.
Consistency in implementing a behavior plan is important because?
A) It ensures reliable data and learning
B) The client get bored easily
C) makes session faster
D) it reduces paperwork
A) It ensures reliable data and learning
When is the best time to take data?
A) immediately as possible after observing the behavior
B) Before the SD
C) After the client is playing with a downtime activity
D) A & C
A) As immediately as possible after observing the behavior
A BT presents an SD "Touch head" and immediately uses a hand over hand prompt guiding client to touch head.
What prompt did this BT use?
A: Full Verbal prompt
B: Partial Physical prompt
C: Model prompt
D: Full Physical prompt
D: Full Physical prompt
A behavioral technician runs 15 trials of the same target back-to-back with no breaks. This is an example of:
A. Distributed Practice
B. NET
C. Massed Practice
D. Shaping
C. Mass Practice
mass practice involves teaching the same target repeatedly with little or no breaks between trials
When collecting ABC data, which information should be recorded in the Antecedent section?
A. How many times the behavior occurred
B. What happened right before the behavior
C. What happened after the behavior
D. How long the behavior lasted
B. What happened right before the behavior
When implementing extinction, the RBT must be prepared for?
A) Immediately decrease in the behavior
B) An extinction burst and possible aggression
C) Less need for reinforcement
D) More client compliance
B) An extinction burst and possible aggression
You are asked to track "aggression" (hitting). The definition says: "Any instance of the client's open hand making contact with another person." During the session, the client hits you with a closed fist. Should you record this?
B) Data must be recorded strictly according to the operational definition (open hand), not what you think is aggressive.
If you are prompt fading and allow for a small amount of time to pass to see if the client can complete the skill independently, you are using____________.
A: Model prompt
B: Verbal prompt
C: Time delay prompting
D: Physical prompt
C: Time delay prompting
A clinician teaches labeling colors by spacing trials throughout the session with play breaks in between. This is called what?
A. Distributed Practice
B. Extinction
C. Prompting
D. Mass Practice
A. Distributed Practice
Distributed practice involves spacing learning trials across time with breaks or other activities in between.
A client throws toys during free play until staff gives them an iPad. The behavior continues because it results in access to what?
A. Escape
B. Tangible
C. Automatic
D. Attention
B. Tangible
Rationale: this behavior is maintained by tangible reinforcement because the client receives a preferred item (the iPad) after engaging in the behavior.
Maya (5) engages in non-compliant behavior (e.g., refusing to sit) when a new person enters the room. Behavior reduction plan goal: Decrease non-compliance and increase appropriate attention-seeking. What should the RBT do?
A) Implement DRO (Differential reinforcement of other behavior)
B)Implement DRI (Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior
C) Implement DRA (Differential reinforcement of Alternate behavior)
D) Implement DRL (Differential reinforcement of Low rate)
c) a Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior (DRA) strategy, reinforcing when Maya appropriately asks for attention (e.g., "Look at me!") and avoiding giving attention when she engages in non-compliance.
The Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP) states that for a tantrum, you should use extinction (ignoring the behavior). During a session, the client throws a toy, and the parent yells, "Just give them the toy so they stop!" What should you do?
C. RBTs must follow the written plan. If a parent interferes, it should be documented, and the supervisor should be notified
What is the goal of prompt fading?
A: To increase independence so that eventually the learner will be able to perform the skill independently without prompting.
B: When the learner is independent it takes less to time to run each target, therefor we are able to run a higher frequency of trials per session
C: To give opportunities to generalize the prompt level
D: All of the above
A: To increase independence so that eventually the learner will be able to perform the skill independently without prompting.
A therapist presents the SD, “Touch green.” The client touches the red card. The therapist says, “Great job!” and delivers a token.
Which component of the three-term contingency does “Great job! Here’s a token” represent?
A. Consequence
B. Prompt
C. Response
D. Discriminative stimulus
A. Consequence
“Great job! Here’s a token” functions as the consequence because it is delivered immediately after the client’s response and is intended to increase the likelihood of the behavior occurring in the future by serving as reinforcement.
A client engages in hand flapping throughout the session. Staff ignore the behavior, peers leave the area, and no items are delivered or removed. The behavior continues at the same rate across multiple settings and therapists. This behavior is most likely maintained by what function?
A. Attention
B. Escape
C. Tangible
D. Automatic
D. Automatic
Rationale: This is automatic because the behavior continues without attention, tangibles, or escape.
A child screams to get a toy another child is playing with. The therapist decides to no longer give the toy to the screaming child, even if they did so in the past. What is this behavior reduction strategy?
A) Identifying functions of behaviors
B) Differential Reinforcement
C) Modifying Antecedent
D) Extinction
D) Extinction
Your supervisor asks you to use a "most-to-least" prompting strategy to teach a new skill. You find it easier and faster to use "least-to-most." Can you change the procedure?
B. Treatment integrity requires following the specific prompting hierarchy defined by the BCBA.