Types of Powers
10th Amendment
This term describes the division of power between the national government and the states.
Federalism
This term describes money given by the national government to the states.
Grants-in-aid
Article VI of the Constitution states that "all laws and treaties in the constitution shall be the supreme law of the land" Name that clause.
Supremacy Clause
The power to establish local governments is this type of power.
Reserved
This type of power is given to state governments
Reserved powers
This is the process that permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the ballot. This process starts with a petition.
Initiative
These grants that have a specific purpose defined by law, like school lunch programs... may even require matching funds.
Categorical grants
This Supreme Court decision used the supremacy and commerce clauses to determine that a state can not impose taxes on federal government entities.
McCulloch v. Maryland
This constitutional clause says that states must respect the public laws and court decisions of other states.
Full faith and credit clause
These powers are given to the national government.
Expressed, Enumerated, Delegated
This procedure enables voters to reject a state/local law. This procedure starts with a petition.
Referendum
These are general grants that can be used for a variety of purposes within a broad category, like education.
Block grants
In this Supreme Court decision the court ruled that the national government controls interstate trade. Hint: This case dealt with boats
Gibbons v. Ogden
This clause says that states are prohibited from unreasonably discriminating against residents of other states
Privileges and immunities clause
These are powers given to both the national government and the states.
Concurrent Powers
This doctrine of federalism holds that the national government is supreme in its sphere, and the states are supreme in theirs.
Dual Federalism
This is when the federal government gives states and local governments money with "no strings attached"
The power to coin money is this type of power.
Expressed, Enumerated
Establishing a court system falls under this type of power.
Concurrent
These are powers given to Congress, but aren't specifically written into the text of the Constitution. These powers are given to Congress by the "necessary and proper" clause.
Implied powers
These are rules set by the national government that the states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants.
Mandates
Type of mandate (rule) that the federal government imposes on states without providing any money.
Unfunded mandate
The power to conduct elections is this type of power.
Reserved
The ability to tax, make law, and enforce law falls under this type of power
Concurrent