Efficiency vs. Equity
What was the risk factor and disease outcome measured in this study?
Risk factor - smoking; Disease - hypertension
What primary study design did the CIH pilot study use?
cross-sectional surveys
Adapting health interventions to respect and align with the beliefs and practices of various faith-based groups is termed as this type of adaptation
Religious
Between low-income and high-income populations, which strategy made the most difference on each population?
High-risk → low-income
Population → high-income
Give an example for a setting that was used for interventions used in the CIH pilot study?
schools, workplaces, neighbourhoods, a cohort, health centers
When health interventions require changes to physical structures, transportation systems, or logistical setups, these adaptations are classified as what type?
Infrastructural
Describe the difference between the terms ‘primary approach’ and ‘secondary approach’
A primary approach is preventative, focuses on those without illness, aims to reduce new cases.
A secondary approach is corrective, focuses on those who have illness, and aims to reduce disease prevalence and morbidity.
What are the 3 behavioural risk factors that were focused on in the CIH pilot study?
tobacco use, physical activity, healthy diet
When health interventions respond to the patterns and prevalence of diseases in specific populations or regions, they are making adaptations categorized under this term
Epidemiological
Which intervention was the most effective at reducing mean SBP and hypertension prevalence?
Population Secondary Approach
Why is extensive documentation in a community intervention beneficial?
to allow for replication of interventions and adaptations
Defined as diplomatic efforts and negotiations in addressing global health challenges through international or multi-site interventions
Global Health Diplomacy
Where did the researchers get their data from?
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
What were the 3 interventions used in the CIH pilot study?
structural, community mobilization, health and education social marketing/media
What community-based intervention aimed to change community norms, reduce the risk of HIV infection, and was implemented across diverse sites in sub-Saharan Africa and Thailand?
Project Accept