Definitions
Experiments
Reinforcement
Rescorla Wagner
Pavlovian Classical Conditioning
100

A study design where groups are given training and then a common test

What is the T1-T2 Design?

100

Rats are given morphine in the same place showed more tolerance to morphine in training context compared to novel context 

What is Siegel’s 1975 Drug Tolerance experiment?

100

This type of reinforcement involves adding something desirable to increase the likelihood of a behavior recurring.

What is positive reinforcement?

100

The equation that describes the Rescorla-Wagner model

What is ∆V = αβ(λ − ΣV)?

100

If a dog salivates at the sight of a dog treat, what is the US?

What is the sight of the dog treat?

200

The term used to describe the systematic and differential successive approximations which lead to the acquisition of an end target/goal behavior

What is Shaping?

200

In this experiment by Martin Seligman, dogs were subjected to unavoidable electric shocks

What is Seligman’s learned helplessness experiment?

200

In operant conditioning, this term refers to the weakening of a behavior when it is no longer reinforced

What is extinction?

200

The Rescorla-Wagner model predicts that during acquisition the associative strength should approach an __________

What is an asymptote?

200

In a classical conditioning experiment, a child shows natural fear when encountering a spider. Researchers present a baby rattle and everytime the child sees the baby rattle they also see the spider. What would be the unconditioned stimulus?

What is the spider?

300

When the value of a reward is determined in relation to previously trained rewards

What is the Crespi Contrast Effect?

300

This experiment by Edward Thorndike involved cats learning to escape from a puzzle box by trial and error

What is Thorndike’s puzzle box experiment?

300

This schedule of reinforcement delivers reinforcement after a fixed number of responses.

What is a fixed ratio schedule?

300

What is one phenomenon the Rescorla-Wagner model fails to explain?

What is spontaneous recovery, rapid reacquisition, and latent inhibition?

300

Classical conditioning is an example of this theory of learning

What is S-O theory?

400

When the introduction of an extrinsic reward weakens strong intrinsic motivation that drove high performance

What is the overjustification effect?

400

Edward Tolman studied this in rats by observing their behavior in a maze, even when no reinforcement was given.

What is Tolman’s latent learning experiment?

400

This term describes the reinforcement of successive approximations to a desired behavior until the target behavior is achieved.

What is shaping?

400

What concept in the Rescorla-Wagner model explains why adding a new CS to an already established CS-US association may lead to overshadowing?

What is limited associative strength?

400

When a rat shows fear in response to a shock, what is the conditioned stimulus?

What is the environment where the shock occurred?

500

When depreciation of the value of a reward occurs in relation to the time that it takes to be released 

What is delayed discounting?

500

Famous for demonstrating classical conditioning in humans by inducing a fear response in a young child

What is the Little Albert experiment?

500

This reinforcement schedule delivers reinforcement after an unpredictable number of responses.

What is a variable ratio schedule?

500

Explain the concept of the associative strength of a conditioned stimulus (CS) according to the Rescorla-Wagner model.

What is the degree that the CS has been associated with the occurrence of the US. It determines the magnitude of the CR elicited by the CS?

500

In a classical conditioning experiment, a tone (?) is paired with a puff of air (?), leading to blinking (?)

What is the CS, US, UR?