Macronutrients
Group of macro nutrients that includes sugars and starches; the body's main source of energy
Carbohydrates
Substances in food that the body uses to grow, have energy, and stay healthy
Nutrients
Nutrients that are needed by the body in small amounts; help protect body systems and help them work properly
Micronutrients
Measure of the amount of energy stored in food
Calorie
The portion of a food that an adult will usually eat in one sitting
Serving size
Sugar that is not naturally present in a food but has been added in its preparation
Added sugar
Diet containing all the nutrients necessary to keep you healthy
Balanced diet
Carbohydrates that the body cannot breakdown and absorb
Sugars; have molecules that are small and relatively simple
Simple carbohydrates
Fats that are liquid at room temperature; found in oils
Micronutrients manufactured by living things in their body cells; support the body systems' normal function and development
Vitamins
Tool that tells the most important nutritional information for every kind of packaged food
Nutrition Facts label
Protein or other substance that causes an allergic reaction
Tool, prepared by the US Department of Agriculture, that helps you choose a variety of foods to obtain the nutrients that your body needs each day; divides foods into fruits, vegetables, protein, grains, and dairy
MyPlate
Macronutrients that provide material for body growth and repair
Protein
Large molecules made of many connected sugar molecules; also called starches
Complex carbohydrates
Vitamins that can be stored in your body; vitamins A, D, E, and K
Fat-soluble vitamins
Vitamins that are easily eliminated from the body and must be eaten every day; vitamin C and the B-complex vitamins
Water-soluble vitamins
The typical daily amount of a nutrient that a healthy individual needs, considering age and other factors
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
Type of diet in which a person does not eat meat or animal products
Vegan
The seeds and fruits of certain types of grass plants
Grains
Nutrients that help the body to store energy, make cell parts, and use certain vitamins
Fats
Fats that are usually solid at room temperature
Saturated fats
Chemical elements that are needed as micronutrients
Minerals
The process by which the body produces and uses energy from food
Metabolism
Situation in which the immune system overreacts to a protein that has entered the bloodstream
Food that can spoil easily and must be kept refrigerated or frozen; includes most foods containing meat, eggs, or dairy products
Perishable food
Food that does not require refrigeration or freezing; includes fresh fruits and vegetables, most foods in unopened cans and bottles, baked goods, and most types of dried foods
Nonperishable foods
Unsaturated vegetable oil that has had hydrogen atoms added to make the oil more solid
Hydrogenated oil
Nutrients that the body needs in relatively large amounts; can be used by the body as sources of energy
Macronutrients
Minerals that the body needs extremely tiny amounts of
Trace elements
Most severe allergic reaction; affects the whole body by causing difficulty breathing, a drop in blood pressure, and swelling of various body parts
Anaphylaxis
How much one serving of a food contributes to a nutrient's total daily amount
Added sugar should be no more than this percent of your daily calorie intake
Transfer of harmful microorganisms from one object to another
Cross-contamination