Terms
The study of the earth
Geology
What is the innermost part of the earth?
The core
Earth's outer layer of solid rock
A _________ is a thick ice sheet that slowly moves under its own weight.
Mountain formed by a volcanic eruption
Volcanic mountain
Remains or impression of living things, usually preserved in sedimentary rock
Igneous or sedimentary rock changed in form by heat or pressure
Metamorphic rock
A scientist who studies fossils
Paleontologist
Sedimentary rock formed from the remains of living things instead of minerals
Coal
Solid parts of the earth, such as rocks and minerals
Geosphere
What is molten rock called beneath the earth's crust in the mantle?
Magma
Layer of the earth beneath the crust; made of mostly solid rock
Mantle
A __________ is a substance with a crystal structure found naturally in the earth.
Mineral
Reservoir at the bottom of a volcano's vent filled with magma
Magma chamber
Rare, valuable, very hard mineral, such as diamond, ruby, sapphire, or emerald
Precious stone
Sedimentary rock
Fossils found in rock revealing clues about the history of living things
Fossil record
Non-renewable energy sources such as coal, petroleum (oil) or natural gas; made from the remains of living organisms
Fossil fuel
Flooding Stage
Where is the earthquake damage most severe? This is located above the focus.
Epicenter
Mineral that has luster, is heavier than water, can usually conduct electricity, and is malleable
Metal
Settling of sediments at new locations is called _____________.
Deposition
Mountain that may have been formed when hardening sedimentary rock folded up as tectonic plates moved below
Folded mountain
Use of wind to generate electricity through a turbine
Wind power
Type of rock formed from magma or lava
Igneous rock
A term evolutionists use to describe a "missing link" between two kinds of animals to show how one kind of animal could have turned into another kind of animal
Transitional form
Vaporous fossil fuel
Natural gas
Second stage of Noah's Flood in which the waters drained off the continents and land became dry again
What is the beginning point of an earthquake below the earth's surface, also known as the focus?
Hypocenter
A mineral containing metal
Ore
_________ is organic material in soil.
Humus
Mountain formed when the pressure of magma thrusts a part of the earth's crust upward but does not erupt as lava
Domed mountain
Energy from the sun; electricity produced using this energy
Solar energy
Rock layers
Strata
Fossil graveyard in which the remains of more than one animal have been found
Bone bed
Use of hot springs to generate electricity
Geothermal energy
Idea that present observations can explain all the geological features of the earth; developed by Charles Lyell
Uniformitarianism
What theory states that crustal plate activity can cause geological events and processes?
Release of gases from the use of fuel
Emissions
___________ are piles of large rocks left by glaciers.
Mountain that may have been formed when one side of the crustal plate was thrust upward while the other side fell downward
Fault-block mountain
Use of moving water power to generate electricity
Layers of organic matter, topsoil, subsoil, substratum, and bedrock
Soil horizons
Graphic organizer that illustrates how evolutionists interpret the fossil record
Geologic column
Use of plant and animal products to create alternative fuel
Biofuel