Cell Organelle
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the Cell; producing energy for the cell
What are three characteristics of Eukaryotes ?
HAVE membrane-bound organelles e.g. cell membrane, cell wall, etc.
multi-celllular
have nucleus
has DNA that is either double-stranded, or single-stranded
e.g. of euk cells are fungi cells, plant cells, protist cell, and animal cells
larger
has flagella/cilia - enables movement for cells
DNA is a ____ structure
double helix
Body’s way of maintaining a stable internal and external environment
ON BOARD, WHAT PHASE IS THIS? Mitosis or Meiosis?
METAPHASE in mitosis
What is one key difference between Rough ER and Smooth ER
Rough ER has ribosomes attached to it, while Smooth ER does not.
What are 2 characteristics of Prokaryotes?
Pro=NO NUCLEUS!
No membrane bound organelles
DNA is contained in 1 circular chromosome
Cell Wall is present
Some have flagella for movement
Smaller and less complex than eukaryotes
What are the complementary base pairs for the DNA strand ?
A
T
C
G
A
T
A
G
C
T
3 Examples of Homeostasis
shivers, sweats, glucose, when you're sick your system will fight the infection before it has the opportunity to make you sick, heart rate increases
WHAT PHASE IS THIS? Meiosis or mitosis?
TELOPHASE in meiosis
DNA
DNA: contains genetic instructions for development and function of living beings
What are two similarities and two differences between the Eukaryotic Cells and Prokaryotes Cells?
- Pro=no nucleus, while eukaryotes have a nucleus
- Eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles
- Cell walls are present in both
- Prokaryotes are smaller than Eukaryotes
Using the DNA sequence, translate and transcribe the sequence into amino acids:
ATG, GTA, ATC
Amino acids:
Tyr
Histone
STOP
True or False:
When glucose levels get too high, the pancreas releases a hormone known as insulin. If blood glucose levels drop too low, the liver converts glycogen in the blood to glucose again, raising the levels.
TRUE
What is the difference between telophase and cytokinesis in mitosis?
Telophase has not split yet and the nuclear membrane has formed.
Cytokinesis, cells have finally split and are identically similar.
What protects the cell from its surroundings and controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell
Cell Membrane
What are the four types of Eukaryotic Cells?
Plant Cells, Protist cells, Animal Cells, Fungi Cells
What are three key components of the DNA structure?
sugar group, phosphate group, nitrogenous bases.
How do you measure breathing rate and heart rate?
motion wrist or neck and count beats in a minute
count breathes for a minute
What is the difference between chromosomes and chromatids?
Chromosomes: Coiled threadlike structure of DNA and proteins
Chromatid: 1 part of a chromosome
Cytosol/Cytoplasm
Cytosol: Jelly-like substance that fills the cells
Cytoplasm: all contents of the cell besides the nucleus contents
DIAGRAM: LABEL 5 COMPONENTS OF THIS EUKARYOTIC CELL AND TELL ME WHICH EUK. CELL IS IT?
YOU WILL HAVE ONE MINUTE.
1. What does A,T,C,G stand for?
2. What is the difference between an RNA strand and DNA strand?
1. Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
2. RNA is found inside and outside of the nucleus. Generally single-stranded; has Uracil instead Thymine. DNA is inside the nucleus, double stranded, has thymine.
When you did your Homeostasis lab, and you did the jumping jacks:
1) what occurred to your heart and breathing rate?
2) Why did you sweat?
3) What are 2 organelles that come into play for homeostasis?
1 MINUTE, GO
1) Both increased
2) You sweat because body starts to cool down to maintain its internal and external balance.
3) Cell Membrane because it only allows certain materials but not others to enter the cell, the cell membrane acts as a gatekeeper. Mitochondria as well, as we all know it is the powerhouse of the cell, it produces the ATP, also known as the energy to let your body work and keep the energy flowing and GOING.
1) Name all the phases of mitosis.
2) When does crossing over occur ? Is it in mitosis or meiosis? Does it happen once or twice?
3) Define mitosis and meiosis and label key differences.
1) interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
2) occurs in prophase; meiosis; once.
3) mitosis: cell repair, identical daughter cells. Makes diploid cell ( 4 )
meiosis: genetic variation!! different daughter cells. makes haploid Cells ( 2 )