Fluid and Electrolytes
What is the Water percentage in body?
50-70%
what is the location of the respiratory center?
Medulla oblongata
what are the two types of communication?
verbal and nonverbal
what is another term for void/urinate
Micturate
what are the 4 senses used during a physical assessment?
Smell
sight
touch
hear
what is ageism?
discrimination and prejudice against older adults
what is the purpose of Iv therapy
to allow medication intake for clients who are unable to take medication orally
what is curative care?
treatment intended to cure
how many liters of water intake is needed for adults?
1.5-2L
where is the pleura?
in the chest cavitiy
what a denotative meaning?
literal meaning
what is the purpose of kidney filtration?
Cleanses the blood of anything the body does not need.
when should abnormal finding be reassessed?
within 4 hours or sooner
what are the age ranges for young - old and middle - old?
64-74
75-84
what is orange gauge size and use?
14g
rapid fluids
surgery
trauma
blood infusion
What is a living will?
A document where a person states their wishes about life support and treatments
what is normal sodium range?
135-145 MEq
what is atelectasis ?
collapsed lungs
what are the styles of communication?
passive assertive and aggressive
what are the three waste products removed?
urea
Uric Acid
Creatinine
what is the difference between subjective and objective data?
subjective data is what the patient tells you
objective data is what the nurse can see
what is the difference between dysphagia and dysphasia?
dysphagia is difficulty swallowing
dysphasia difficulty speaking
what is a green 18 gauge used for ?
rapid fluids
surgery
trauma
blood infusion
what are the 5 stages of Kubler ross's grief in death and dying?
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
what is hypervolemia?
Fluid volume excess
what is the viral infection sputum color?
white or clear
what does I.S.B.A.R.R.Q stand for?
Introduction
Situation
Background
Assessment
Recommendation
Readback
Question
what are the characteristics of urine
Color Clarity and odor
what are the 4 basic skills of the physical assessment?
Inspection palpation percussion auscultation
what is cataracts?
clouding of eye lens
what should a nurse do if fluid build up occurs near site if infiltration?
stop pump and remove immediately
What is the goal of palliative care for the family?
to offer support and guidance
what can cause Hypovolemia?
hemorrhage bleeding burns or sweating
what is tension pneumothorax?
life-threatening air trapped in pleura cavity
what barriers should a nurse avoid when using therapeutic communication?
yes or no question
giving false reassurance
asking too many personal probing questions
giving advice
belittling a pt feelings
expressing disapprova
what is Hematuria?
blood in the urine
what is Ptosis?
drooping eyelids
what is glaucoma?
eye disease by increased pressure leading to blindness
what are the veins used for IV therapy?
basilic
cephalic
medial
What does a living will address?
Wishes regarding life support and other treatments
what is normal calcium and range and its function?
8.2-10.2mg
strengthen the bones and teeth
what is the first thing the nurse should do if the tubing disconnects from the drainage?
what is Laymens Term?
breaking down medical information into something for the pt to understand
what is specific gravity
compares the density of urine with the density of water
what is consensual reflex?
pupil of the eye constricts when light hits the opposite side of the eye
what is age related macular degeneration?
destruction of retina area where optic nerve attaches
what is infiltration?
displacement of IV cannula in the vein
What is palliative care focused on?
Providing physical and emotional comfort to the patient
what is the function and normal range of magnesium?
helps regulate calcium in the blood
1.6-2.2mg
which arteries are arterial blood gases drawn from?
Radial femoral brachial
a nurse needs to ensure they use language that is ?
What is diabetes insipidus?
Peeing alot
what is PERRLA?
Pupil equal and reactive to light and accommodation
what condition can develop from poor circulation?
hypertension
high cholesterol
coronary artery disease
myocardial infarction
peripheral vascular disease
what is the purpose of liquid plasma
to replace plasma protein
what is an advanced directive?
-communicate client's end-of-life care wishes for them if they become unable to
what is acidosis?
increase of acid in the blood
what is the ph for Acidosis and Alkalosis?
alka - above 7.5
Acid - below 7.3
who does the nurse communicate with?
-the client
-the client's family/significant others
-other healthcare providers
what can be the cause of oliguria
Urinary obstruction
what is accommodation response?
measure the eye muscle ability tp focus on an image up close and in distance
what is a transient ischemic attack?
a temporary decrease in blood supply to the brain caused by a blood clot
what gauge is used for elderly patients, pediatric patients, and small veins?
yellow 24g gauge
what is an example of the denial stage?
Not me! this isnt happening to me
what is the range for potassium and its function
regulates fluid balance
what causes a sputum color to be a rust color?
presence of blood
pneumonia
Tb sputum
what does HIPPA stand for
health insurance portability and accountability act
what does high specific gravity indicate
what does the Head and Neck assessment consist of?
Oral mucous membranes
lips
teeth
speech
dressing and equipment
what is CVA/cerebrovascular accident?
stroke,brain infarction or brain
caused from a rupture
what are the macrodrop ranges
10 15 20 gtt/ml
examples of stage 3 bargaining
i promise I'll be a better person
what stimulates the conduction of electrical impulses?
Sodium
what is the purpose of postural drainage?
to allow gravity to assist in bronchial drainage
what is the social consultative personal space range?
4-12 feet
what can a patient with nocturia possibly indicate?
enlarged prostate or kidney disease
Fungal infection
what side of the body affected by Left brain CVA?
the right side
speech and memory
what is our first line of defense
skin
stage 5 acceptance example
its going to be okay
atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) can cause........
Blood pressure to increase
what should the nurse encourage her client to do with respiratory care?
to cough
take deep breaths and use a spirometer
what is nonverbal communication?
communication using body movements, gestures, and facial expressions rather than speech
what are the types of incontinence?
stress urge overflow mixed functional total neuropathic
what causes a beefy red tongue?
Pernicious anemia
what side of the body is affected by a Right brain CVA?
the left side of the body
vision and memory loss
What is whole blood used for?
Restores blood volume along with all its components
example of anger stage
why me its not fair
What does antidiuretic hormone(ADH) help regulate?
H2O
salt levels
Bp
Kidney functions
when should the chest tube be pulled during removal
at the end of a final inspiration
what is passive or avoidant communication?
avoids confrontation, unable to share feelings or needs with others
What is the purpose of the third lumen in a three-way catheter?
The third lumen allows sterile fluid to flow into the bladder for irrigation, with the fluid exiting through the drainage lumen.
what is the glascow coma scale range?
3-15
15 being the best and 3 being impairment of something
what is the difference between hallucination and illusion?
hallucination is seeing something that is not present
illusion is seeing things that are not real
what a blue 22g gauge used for
slower fluid
medication
infusion
what are the five brief statements of reconciliation and closure?
forgive me
I forgive you
thank you
i love you
good bye
What is filtration?
Solids are separated from liquids or gases by a barrier that only liquid and very fine solute can pass through.
what some early signs of hypoxia?
agitation anxiety changes in level of consciousness headache tachypnea
what is the difference between the assertive and aggressive communication?
Assertive listens to others need vesrus aggressive put self needs before others
What is an ileal conduit?
Urinary diversion where the ureters are connected to the ileum with a stoma on the abdominal wall
what is decerebrate and its position?
damage to the other brain
hands downward
what is excessive dry mouth called?
Xerostomia
where is the secondary baggie located?
located behind the primary bag via piggyback line
what are some physical changes during the dying process
vital signs
skin
respiratory changes
eyes
physical changes
circulatory changes
what is osmosis?
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
what is the difference between hypoxia and Hypoxemia?
Hypoxia is low O2 in the tissue
and
Hypoxemia is low O2 in the blood
what is incivility?
communication that is rude, impolite, discourteous, and lacking in good manners
what is
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
?
results from the breakdown of protein by the body
what is decorticate and its position?
damage to one or both corticospinal tract
hand flexed to chest
what are 4 types of elderly abuse?
bite marks
sedation
burns
dehydration
sexual
bruises
leakage of medication into subcutaneous tissues
is known as
Extravasation
stage 4 depression example
i dont care anymore
what is the Intravascular space?
the liquid portion of the blood surrounding and holding the blood cells in plasma
what is difference between Dyspneic and Orthopneic?
Dyspneic is difficulty breathing
and
Orthopneic is difficulty breathing while laying down
humor can allow the patient to.........
step out of their sick role, establish report, and trust, pass time, and help relieve anxiety
what is a
orthotopic bladder (neobladder)?
bladder constructed from portions of intestine connected to the urethra, allowing "natural" voiding
what is difference between lordosis and kyphosis?
lordosis in an inward curvature and kyphosis is an outward curvature of the spine
what is a respiratory change in older adults?
Alveoli doesn't expand fully out elders at risk for pneumonia, bronchitis, and other pulmonary disease
what is thrombophlebitis?
inflammation and swelling due to blood clots
what is DNAR
do no attempt to resuscitate?