Unit 1
What are 3 characteristics of life?
Life is organized
Must be able to reproduce
requires energy and materials
able to respond to its environment
able to adapt
contain an internal environment
What are All of the cycles of mitosis including interphase?
Interphase: G1, S, G2
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
Cytokinesis
How many chromosomes does a human have?
46 and 23 pairs
what do Adenine and Guanine pair with in DNA?
Thymine and Cytosine
who created the theory of evolution?
charles darwin
this type of bond includes electrons exchanging one atom to another to become balanced. this is known as an...
ionic bond
What are the reactants and products of photosynthesis?
sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen
If a man with type AB blood crosses with a woman with homozygous type B blood, what is percentage for the child to have type B blood?
50%
What animal was the first genetically cloned mammal?
Dolly the sheep!
this bond includes 2 atoms sharing a pair of electrons which is known as...
if a balloon is put into a jar of water and shrinks, what is the tonicity of the balloon?
hypertonic
What are the product and reactants of cellular respiration?
glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, atp
Having long hair is dominant and short hair is recessive. If a heterozygous dominant man marries a woman with short hair, what is the percentage for their kids to have short hair?
50%
A population of 2000 cows got swept away by a tornado. There are now only 150 cows left resulting in a change in allele frequency. What is this an example of?
the Bottleneck Effect!
what agent of evolution is this?: changes in allele frequencies of a gene due to random chance
genetic drift
starch, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin are examples of what biological molecule?
carbohydrates!
Where does photosynthesis and cellular respiration take place?
chloroplast and mitochondria
Pedigrees: If a man and a woman have a daughter who is homozygous recessive for colorblindness. Would the parents have also colorblindness or not? Explain your thinking.
Yes, because the daughter must get two X recessive chromosomes from both parents.
What does DNA Helicase do?
unwinds and unzips the two strands by breaking hydrogen bonds between base pairs
What is Nondisjunction in genetic disorders?
failure of homologous chromosomes/sister chromatids to separate during meiosis 1
What is the difference between proteins and lipids?
Proteins are polymers made from amino acids. Examples include peptides and amino acid groups
WHAT are: proteins function as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions
enzymes
If a Man with type AB blood crosses with a woman with homozygous type B blood, what percentage of their offspring will be type O?
0%
movement of alleles btw EXISTING populations via migration is known as...
GENE FLOW
What is DNA translation?
ribosomes use sequence of codons in mRNA to produce polypeptides; mRNA -> protein (in the cytoplasm)