Language Strategies
Describe what a language rich environment is and how to create one.
Environment where children are exposed to deliberate and recurrent high-quality verbal input
Created through exposure, deliberateness, recurrence, high-quality input (language supportive strategies), and adult responsiveness
Describe the purpose of close ended questions
To assess comprehension and increase engagement
Identify the first step of the prompting hierarchy
Wait
Identify the two types of vocabulary most important to SLPs.
Listening
Speaking
Define behavior specific praise.
Effort/ journey oriented praise, specific to the behavior occuring
Maria is a 4 year old with a language disorder. Her therapist follows Maria's lead through out the play based session. Describe three language supportive strategies that would benefit Maria and explain why.
Wh- question: provides Maria an opportunity to practice the vocabulary word her therapist just modeled
Expansion: then allows the therapist to expand on Maria's utterance which gives her additional contextual information and a direct model of child and adult syntax
Paul is a seven year old male. He is coming in for an evaluation and you need to do a language sample on him. Identify the most important language supportive strategy to use and why.
Open ended questions - elicits language and provides the client an opportunity to talk. Also, shows you his base level without interference from you.
Identify the steps of the prompting hierarchy
Wait
Indirect nonverbal prompt
Indirect verbal prompt
Gestural cue
Request a response
Direct model
Wait
Identify the three tiers of vocabulary and describe each.
Tier one: basic words - every day words, sight words
Tier two: high frequency, academic words - increased descriptive vocabulary
tier three: low frequency, context specific
Describe why we implement behavior specific praise.
The association between behavior and language and language and behavior
Describe why open ended question help establish more of a language rich environment than close ended questions.
Provide children an opportunity to practice their syntax as well as novel vocabulary and expand on their language
Elicit language as they require more than one or two word utterances
During a literacy activity (reading doing on a bear hunt), describe how you would use two low support and two high support scaffolding strategies.
Low support:
Generalizing: Tell me about a time you went on a walk in the woods.
Reasoning: Why did they run out of the cave so fast?
Predicting: What do you think will happen when they enter the cave?
High Support:
Reducing choices: Did they go through a rain storm or a snow storm?
Co participating: Where did they find the bear: CAVE!
Shrug your shoulders and make eye contact with the materials and then the client
Tell me about how you would build a train and the pieces you may need
Point to the tracks and the bucket with all the pieces
I see more pieces in the bucket. Tell me what pieces you want
I want the train and the train tracks.
What tier should SLPs concentrate on when working with a 3 year old with language delay and why?
Tier one: basic words- this is where you functional vocabulary lies
when working with a three year old you want to begin by providing them language that would allow them to survive
WHAT IS FUNCTIONAL?
Describe the steps to implementing effective behavior specific praise.
Individually and culturally influenced...
Characteristics:
Contingent on desirable behaviors
Behavior specific
Student specific
Based on effort and process
Describe the difference between high and low support scaffolding and identify which strategies are categorized as low support and high support.
High support: asks more of the provider, they need to offer the client a higher level of support
co participating
reducing choices
eliciting
Low support: the provider gives less and asks more of the client
generalizing
predicting
reasoning
Describe why expansion is more beneficial for eliciting language than recasting and repetition.
Expansion: Provides children with an opportunity to hear additional details about the topic through adjectives and prepositional phrases.
Extends children’s utterances
Provides example of complex language structure
Recasting: Edits their syntax: expansion can do this too but also add information
repetition: you are not providing the client with anything new
Bingo provides services for a 4 year old and during the session he is trying to get the child to speak in three word phrases. Bingo continues to model, I want trains, with two seconds between each model. What should Bingo do instead of this?
Implement the hierarchy and provide wait time
You provide services for a three year old with ASD. Create a list of ten functional vocabulary words. (There should be a pattern in your words)
On off
go stop
eat drink
In out
up down
You provide services for a three year old who demonstrates inappropriate behaviors. Create three praise statements you can use and explain why it is important for him to receive these statements.
1. You walked down the hall for therapy today and came into the room!
2. Ah! I love how you cleaned up the materials.
3. Way to go on moving this strip to the done column, we are moving right along!
Because of the association between behavior and language we know that behavior specific praise will increase rapport and responsiveness. Thus, allowing for more exchanges where language grows.
Identify the strategies below:
You want to play this game with me?
Tell me about your favorite holiday.
The giraffe's LONG neck allows him to reach the trees. If his neck was not LONG he could not reach them.
What are you doing for winter break?
Child: I eat pie. Therapist: I eat pie on Thanksgiving.
Do you want to go to the zoo or the pool?
Why did the dog run away?
What do you think will happen after she brushes her teeth?
1. Nothing
2. Open ended
3. VOcabulary modeling
4. close ended
5. Expansion
6. reducing choices
7. reasoning
8. predicting
Describe a (formula) that you could provide a caregiver on how to use/ get to expansion.
Model: the exact response you want
Wh-question: ask a question that will elicit the response you want
Expansion: now expand on that utterance
Who is the main actor in my favorite Christmas movie?
Tim Allen
Identify how long we should provide wait time and explain why.
5 to 10 seconds
Allows the child to process and engage in more speculative thinking
increases accuracy
Describe the difference in performance feedback and behavior specific praise and provide an example.
performance feedback: is about the outcome
I heard you say want more. Let's try I want more.
behavior specific praise: is about the process
You are staying in your chair while we are practicing!