Show:
2nd Language Developmental Stages
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Hearing Impairment
Intellectual Disability
Wild Card!
100
In this stage, students begin to respond in simple sentences when they are comfortable in the setting and engaged in activities they understand
What is the Speech Emergence Stage? (3rd)
100
Causes of ASD
What are Toxins/illness during pregnancy, Genetic disorders (Fragile X syndrome, Angelman syndrome, and Infections that impact the brain (encephalitis, Meningitis)?
100
When hearing loss was present at birth or happened before a child began to talk.
Prelingually deaf
100
An inherited atypicality that includes elfin appearance, poor spatial ability, and hyperlexia.
What is Williams syndrome?
100
Evidence-Based Practice (EVP)
The use of systematic reviews of therapeutic outcomes to guide in-tervention in fields such as medicine, education, and speech-language pathology, among others. Practitioners are expected to make use of current best evidence when making intervention decisions.
200
In this stage, students begin to engage in non-cued conversation and to speak fluently using social and academic language.
What is the Advanced Fluency Stage? (final stage)
200
Gender balance of ASD
Boys are more likely than girls to have autism. 1 in 42 for boys, and 1 in 189 for girls.
200
Children who are born with hearing impairment that limits their perception of sounds to those exceeding ____, or about the intensity level of a baby’s cry, generally will not be able to develop spontaneous oral language that approximates that of normal children.
60 dB
200
Hyperlexia
A syndrome that is characterized by a child's precocious ability to read (far above what would be expected at their age), significant difficulty in understanding and using verbal language (or a profound nonverbal learning disability) and significant problems during social interactions.
200
Response to intervention (RTI)
An approach to helping children at risk for academic failure by adjusting the classroom curriculum. Children continue to have academic problems may subsequently be referred for special needs.
300
In this stage, students do not verbally respond to communication in the second language although there is receptive processing.
What is the Silent and Receptive Stage? (1st stage)
300
Verbal patterns associated with autism
Perseveration, echolalia, and difficulty recognizing social cues (pragmatics)?
300
Children born with profound losses exceeding ____ are considered functionally deaf and will not develop speech and language skills spontaneously without educational and therapeutic intervention.
90 dB
300
Types of memory commonly impaired with ID
What are short-term, long-term, and phonological?
300
Why RTI?
-Directly connects disability with school performance Not based on discrepancy between potential (IQ) and actual (achievement) -All kids served by ALL staff -Kids can move in/out of higher support levels. Not locked into SPED services.
400
In this stage, students begin to respond verbally using one or two words
What is the Early Production Stage? (2nd)
400
This approach uses positive reinforcement to increase appropriate/useful behavior. Helps with looking, listening, and imitating others.
What is Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)?
400
A __________ amplifies the sound signal conveyed to the inner ear’s residual hearing ability, while a __________ stimulates the auditory nerve directly.
conventional hearing aid, cochlear implant
400
A congenital condition, usually caused by trisomy of the 21st chromosome, often characterized by short stature, typical epicanthic eyefolds, and intellectual disability of varying degrees.
What is Down Syndrome?
400
In __________, the findings from large numbers of small studies are combined across common elements to ascertain larger effects (or non- effects) of a treatment.
What is meta-analyses?
500
In this stage, students gradually make the transition to more elaborate speech.
What is the Intermediate Fluency Stage? (4th)
500
This is another name sometimes given to autism spectrum disorders.
What are pervasive develop-mental disorders (PDDs)?
500
Many sounds, such as ___________, are made in the back of the mouth and are not easily visible on the lips.
velars and liquids
500
A genetic disorder, most often seen in males, in which the X chromosome is defective and the affected individual may have communication problems.
What is fragile X syndrome?
500
In __________ , children’s inappropriate behaviors are scrutinized for potential motivation or function and replaced with more appropriate responses.
What is functional analysis?