Nursing 101
*What are the five basic steps in the nursing process?
Medical history, assessment, planning, implementation, and nursing diagnosis
This is the single most effective way to prevent the spread of infection
Hand Hygiene
In order to keep optimal flow through the urinary system, a person should have a minimum daily intake of how many mL of fluid?
2000ml
Digoxin is a drug that...
Strengthens the heart
A patient who presented to the emergency room with a myocardial infarction (MI) becomes pale, diaphoretic, and hypotensive. What action should the nurse take first?
Notify the physician immediately
Before administering a medication to a newly assigned patient, the nurse should determine why the patient is receiving it by checking the:
Patient Medical history
Health personnel should wash their hands with soap and water at the beginning of the shift for:
15 seconds
Which age-related change(s) occur(s) in the urinary system?
Decreased bladder muscle tone and Prostatic hypertrophy
In a blood pressure of 120/80, what does the “80” indicate?
Pressure in the relaxed ventricles
When administering heparin, the nurse will avoid:
Aspirating before injection
A complete drug order must contain the:
Date and time the order was written and physician’s signature
The nurse uses the Standard Precautions, as outlined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), when:
Caring for all patients
When the nurse is caring for a patient who reports he has blood that begins, when he initiates the urine stream and then abates. Based on underlying pathophysiology, the nurse concludes that the hematuria is occurring in which location?
In the urethra
When using a 0 to 4+ scale to grade pulse quality, how should the nurse record a normal volume pulse?
3+
The patient has been prescribed a low-sodium diet. Which food choice indicates that the patient requires additional teaching?
Pickles
When assessing a patient’s bowel sounds, nurse auscultates loud bowel sounds in each quadrant every 3 seconds. The nurse understands that these findings could indicate that the patient is experiencing which condition?
Diarrhea
A vaccination or immunization gives a patient which type of immunity?
Active acquired immunity
When the patient asks why he has so many urinary tract infections (UTIs), the nurse informs the patient that his recurrent UTIs most likely result from which causative factor?
Bacteria that colonized in the kidneys
The nurse is caring for a patient with a deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Which medication would likely be used for initial inpatient treatment?
Heparin
Which statement accurately explains how calcium channel blocker verapamil assists to correct an arrhythmia?
The medication inhibits transmission of the impulse from the AV node
While performing a focused cardiac assessment, the nurse auscultates an abnormal swooshing sound. Which action is most appropriate to clarify the nurse’s finding?
The nurse uses the bell of the stethoscope while asking the patient to lean forward.
A patient has reported to the clinic with concerns about contracting hepatitis A from her boyfriend. What response by the nurse is most appropriate?
“Hepatitis A is not transmitted as a result of close contact with an infected individual.”
Food Borne (Fecal- Oral)
The nurse reminds the patient that the three body mechanisms that attempt to compensate to correct acid-base imbalances are the buffer, the respiratory system, and the __________.
Kidneys
The student nurse is planning a community group presentation on hypertension. Which group of individuals should the student identify as having the highest incidence of hypertension?
African Americans
The nurse is caring for an older adult patient. While auscultating the patient’s apical pulse, the nurse notices an irregular rhythm. The nurse suspects which causative factor for the patient’s dysrhythmia?
Loss of cells in the sinoatrial (SA) nodes