Light and Spectra
Which EM wave has the highest energy?
Gamma rays
What is the visible "surface" of the sun called?
photosphere
The proton-proton chain converts hydrogen into _____
Helium
What causes Earth's seasons?
Earth's axial tilt
What is the final state of a low-mass star, and what is left behind?
A white dwarf, leaving behind a planetary nebula.
A star moving toward Earth shows a ___ shift
blue
Sunspots are ____ than surrounding regions
cooler
Giants are located in what region of the H-R diagram?
upper right
A full moon rises at what time of day?
sunset
Massive stars explode as what type of supernova? **Triple Points**
Type 2
An emission spectrum shows **Double Points**
bright lines on a dark background
Where are spicules found? **Double points**
The chromosphere
A star leaves the main sequence when it runs out of _____ in its core
**Triple Points**
hydrogen
During the June Solstice, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted ______ the sun
Toward
Why do high-mass stars undergo a supernova explosion?
Due to core collapse when the star exhausts its nuclear fuel and the core is made up of mostly inert iron.
What kind of object produces a continuous spectrum?
a hot, dense object
Why are coronal holes important?
They release fast solar winds
A coronal mass ejection can disrupt what technology?
Satellites, power grids, radio communications
A first quarter moon is highest in the sky at what time?
around sunset
The triple-alpha process fuses helium into _____.
Carbon
Why do hotter stars peak at shorter wavelengths on the blackbody curve?
**Triple Points**
Higher temps -> higher energy photons ->shorter wavelength peak
Rank these from lowest to highest in terms of distance from the surface: Corona, photosphere, chromosphere
photosphere -> chromosphere -> corona
What does the main-sequence turnoff point tell us?
**Double Points**
The age of a star cluster
Why does the moon always keep the same face toward Earth?
It is tidally locked to the earth.
What happens when a white dwarf exceeds the chandrasekhar limit?
**Double points**
It collapses and triggers a Type Ia supernova.