Addiction & Stimulant Meds
Stimulants
Methylphenidate, amphetamine, St John's-wort, Guanfacine
Anxiolytics
alprazolam, lorazepam, clonazepam
Names of first-generation
Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine
Mood stabilizers
Lithium, Lamotrigine, Valproic acid, Carbamazepine
SSRI's
SSRIs: fluoxetine, escitalopram, paroxetine
respiratory depression
Naloxone (brand name Narcan) reverses opioid overdose.
Benzodiazepines
CNS depressants, addictive, increasing dose, falls and lingering withdrawal s/s in elderly, seizures if stop abruptly
Second-generation (atypical)
Clozapine, risperidone, olanzepine
Lamotrigine
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (severe rash and ulcers in mouth and throat)
Lethal in overdose
Tricyclic antidepressants
MAOI's
Opioid sobriety
Methadone
Naltrexone with buphenorpine (Subutex)
Naltrexone by itself
Non-benzodiazepines
propraolol (betablocker, off-label use)
SSRI's and SNRI's
busprone
Bonus: cognitive disorder meds
Cholinesterase inhibitors: donepezil (does not cure Alzheimers, but does slow the progression of the disease.
Memantine (NMDA receptor antagonist): monitor for hypertension
Lithium toxicity
Symptoms: coarse tremors, N/V/D, polyuria and thirst, confusion
MAOI's
Client cannot eat anything with tyramine in it or they will have a hypertensive crisis.
Uses
ADHD
Narcolepsy
Appetite repression (dieting-original use)
Depression (original use)
Bonus: opioid overdose
Respiratory depression: administer naloxone
Pinpoint pupils
Lethargy, euphoria
EPS s/s
Dystonia, torticollis, laryngeal spasms, oculogyric crisis, akathesia parkinsonism s/s, tardive dyskinesia, NMS
Non-lithium mood stabilizers
Anti-seizure medications
MAOI's and TCA's
orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction, lethal in overdose, weight gain
Alcohol sobriety
Disulfiram - deters by making pt sick if they get even small amount of alcohol.
Benzodiazepines
Uses: anxiety, insomnia, OCD, depression, PTSD, alcohol withdrawal
Side effects
dry mouth, urine retension, orthostatic hypotension,
weight gain, metabolic syndrome
agranulocytosis (clozapine, monitor WBC's)
Bonus: propranolol and clonidine uses
Anxiety, essential tremor, HT, migraines, and chest pain
HT, angina, essential tremor, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, withdrawal symptoms
Suicide risk
Antidepressants take 4 to 6 weeks for full therapeutic effect.
Suicide risk within first 2 weeks of starting med.