Ancient Rome
In the Roman Republic, the government was led by two of these officials who commanded the army and could veto each other.
Consuls
This sacred text is known as the Holy Book of Islam.
Quran
Emperor Shi Huangdi created massive public works, including a large tomb guarded by this clay army, and the Great Wall.
Terracotta Army
This political and social system was defined by a strict web of loyalty and land exchange between lords and vassals.
feudalism
These two natural mountain ranges—the Alps and the Apennines—provided natural geographic protection to the Romans.
Alps and Apennines
This large, stone structure was engineered by Romans to carry water over long distances into cities.
aqueducts
Muslim scholars during the Islamic Golden Age made a massive mathematical breakthrough by developing this branch of math
algebra
These specific trees were highly valued in Early China because their leaves fed the silkworms used for silk production.
mulberry trees
The two main purposes of these medieval structures were to serve as a home for nobles and to defend people during attacks.
castles
China’s naturally isolating borders include the Pacific Ocean, the Gobi Desert, and this towering mountain range.
Himalayas
This social class held the wealth, status, and power in Ancient Rome, unlike the majority population known as Plebeians.
Patricians
Rather than portraits of people or animals, Islamic art is primarily characterized by calligraphy and these types of patterns.
geometric patterns
Unlike other belief systems focusing on gods, Confucianism primarily focuses on these.
human relationships
Medieval history is generally split into these three distinct time periods: Early, High, and Late.
Middle Ages
Rome’s trade network thrived thanks to its access to the Tiber River and this massive body of water
Mediterranean Sea
Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus famously formed the alliance known as the First "this" in Rome.
The Triumvirate
The majority of the Arabian Peninsula's landscape is made up of this harsh, dry environment.
desert
In Confucianism, this social group is considered the basic, most important unit of society.
the family
European society was strictly shaped by four major groups: the aristocracy, the peasantry, the middle class, and this religious institution.
Church
While the Red Sea, Arabian Sea, and Persian Gulf surround the Arabian Peninsula, this sea does not touch it.
Mediterranean Sea
Originally named Octavian, this man became the very first official emperor of Rome.
Augustus Caesar
The Arabian Peninsula served as a vital hub connecting these three continents in a massive trade network.
Europe, Asia, and Africa
Aside from being a philosophy, Daoism also developed into this type of system.
a religious system
Despite the hardships of the Late Middle Ages, this lower social class actually gained more freedom and better wages.
peasants
The population of Medieval Europe was drastically decimated by these two types of disasters.
famines and a plague