Foundational Info
This is the main difference between a prokaryotic versus eukaryotic cell.
Nucleus
This is the valency of carbon.
four
This DNA and protein complex form chromosomes.
chromatin
This checkpoint pauses mitosis to check that all chromosomes are attached to the mitotic spindle.
metaphase checkpoint
Plants and cold-water fish have an abundance of this kind of fatty acid in their plasma membrane.
unsaturated fatty acids
These four cell components are located in all cell types.
DNA, cell membrane, ribosome, cytoplasm
These are the three categories of lipids.
This type of ribosome makes proteins that will be embedded into the plasma membrane.
bound ribosome
CDK is an example of this type of protein that phosphorylates a target protein.
kinase
These types of molecules on the extracellular surface function as identity tags.
glycoproteins
A pH change from 8 to 5 has how many more protons?
1,000
The disulfide bonds that form in curly hair are reflective of this level of protein structure.
tertiary
This is the largest of the cytoskeletal elements.
microtubule
Sister chromatids separate during this stage of mitosis.
anaphase
CO2 is small and nonpolar and uses this type passive transport to permeate the cell membrane.
diffusion
All the species of bacteria inhabiting your gut make up this level of biological organization.
community
Hydrogen bonds are responsible for this level of protein structure.
secondary structure
This organelle adds sugars to proteins to make glycoproteins.
golgi apparatus
The G2-M checkpoint is regulated by these two proteins.
cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinase
Plants, fungi, and bacteria have cell walls to prevent this from occuring.
Bursting due to osmotic pressure.
This bond forms between water molecules.
hydrogen bond
Carbohydrates contain many of this polar functional group.
hydroxyl
This passageway allows a histone protein to return to the nucleus after it is synthesized by a free ribosome.
nuclear pore
In order for mitosis to occur, the chromosomes must begin to do this during prophase.
condense
Large or charged proteins must utilize a carrier or channel protein to permeate the cell membrane in this type of passive transport.
facilitated diffusion