Elastic Potential Energy
What is the definition of elastic potential energy?
Energy stored in an object that is stretched or compressed.
Give 1 example for each: thermal conductor & thermal insulator
Conductor: metal, copper, aluminium, silver
Insulator: wood, plastic, rubber, foam, glass
Define high vs low specific heat
High: requires more energy to heat (temp change slower)
Low: requires less energy to heat (temp change quicker)
Explain the difference between a revolution and rotation
Revolution: object circles an external axis
Rotation: object circles an internal axis
True or false: Universal gravitation only applies to large objects in the universe
False
True or false: work done = elastic potential energy
True
Cold, dense water sinks at the poles, while warmer water moves along the surface. What heat transfer is this an example of?
Convection
Define thermodynamics
The study of heat, energy, and work
Explain why it feels like you are being pulled outward on a rollercoaster loop
Anything with mass has inertia, meaning mass resists changes in motion
What is G in the universal gravitation equation?
6.67 x 10-11
A car driving hits a bump on the road. The car's spring is compressed 0.4 meters. If the spring constant is 4000 N/m, how much elastic potential energy is stored in the spring?
320 J
What are the SI units used for temperature and heat?
Temp: Kelvin, Celsius, Fahrenheit
Heat: Calories, kilocalories, joules
A system absorbs 600 J of heat and does 500 J of work on its surroundings. What is (ΔU)
100 J
A car travels at 20 m/s with a radius of 12 m. What is the centripetal acceleration of the car?
33.33 m/s2
Determine the force of gravitational attraction between a 50 kg person and a 5 kg backpack when they are 2 meters apart
4.17 x 10-9
A man pulls back his bow by 0.3 meters to store 16 J of elastic potential energy. Calculate the spring constant.
355.56 N/m
Convert 280 K to Fahrenheit
44.3 degrees Fahrenheit
A system absorbs 2,500 J of heat at a constant temperature of 500 K. What is the change in entropy (ΔS)
5 J/K
A fish circles a rock at a linear speed of 6 m/s. If the fish has a radius of 12 meters, how long does one circle take?
12.56 seconds
A cat has a gravitational force of 100 N on Pluto's surface at a radius of 1,100,000 meters apart. What is the cat's mass if Pluto has a mass of 1.3 x 1022
1.4 x 102
A woman jumps on a trampoline that has a spring constant of 5000 N/m and stores 500 J of elastic energy. How far did she compress the trampoline?
0.45 meters
A snack contains 3,200 J of energy. What is this in kilocalories?
0.76 kcal
A 200 g substance absorbs 2,000 J of heat as its temperature increases from 20°C to 35°C. What is the specific heat capacity of the substance?
0.67 J/kgC
A 46 kg boy experiences a force of 800 N at a radius of 9 m. What is his velocity?
12.51 m/s
Two objects have masses of 12 kg and 4 kg. The gravitational force between them is 2 ×10-10 N. What is the distance between the two objects?
4 m