The Category Category
This is the term for categorizing things based on specific criteria or properties, also known as the Classical View of categorization.
What is Definitional Categorization?
According to this theory of visual imagery, you don't have to see a concrete, detailed picture in your mind in order to represent an image; an abstract representation is sufficient.
What is the Propositional Representation theory?
Complete this sentence: The two basic functions of language are production and _____________.
What is comprehension?
A type of problem where the solution appears suddenly with an "Aha!" moment.
What is an insight problem?
When we make a generalization based on a single observation, we are using this type of reasoning.
What is inductive reasoning?
Psychologists use this task to measure typicality effects, for example showing that people are faster to respond to the prompt "A robin is a bird" than "An ostrich is a bird."
What is the Sentence Verification Task?
Kosslyn used this method to show that people take longer to respond when they visualize longer distances between spatial locations in their mind.
What is image scanning?
Complete this sentence: The idea that words are not completely arbitrary is supported by the existence of words like "buzz", "bang", and "zip", which are all examples of ____________.
What is onomatopoeia?
In Duncker's Candle Problem, people fail to perceive the box of tacks as something they can use to solve the problem because of this mindset issue.
What is functional fixedness?
The representativeness heuristic happens when judging probabilities that someone is a member of a group; people tend to ignore this and pay more attention to descriptions that are representative of the group.
What is the base rate?
According to this theory, we determine whether a new object belongs to a category by comparing the new object to a specific example object from that category
What is the Exemplar Theory?
Kosslyn's image scanning and zooming experiments provide support for this theory of visual imagery
What is the Depictive (Spatial) Representation theory?
Complete this sentence: The smallest unit of speech sound used to distinguish words in a given language is known as a __________.
What is a phoneme?
In Duncker's Ray Problem, it is easier for people to think of a solution if they are first provided with an analogical military story, in which the tumor is represented by this.
What is a fortress?
What is the availability heuristic?
Like a family tree, the Teachable Language Comprehender (TLC) Model uses this type of structure to simulate how we think about concepts at multiple levels.
People who cannot visualize pictures or images in their mind at all are described by this term.
What is aphantasia?
Complete this sentence: A sentence that can be interpreted in more than one way based on how you group the phrase structures has _________ ambiguity.
What is syntactic ambiguity?
The Tower of Hanoi problem can be solved by identifying the largest difference between the current state and the end goal and creating sub-goals, a problem-solving method known as this.
What is means-end analysis?
According to this principle, when a sample size is small, we tend to think outcomes are more representative than they truly are.
What is the law of small numbers?
The Revised TLC Model proposes that thinking about a particular concept triggers thoughts of similar concepts by this process.
What is Spreading Activation?
This cognitive neuroscience method temporarily disrupts neural activity in a particular area of the brain and has been used to show that disrupting visual cortex leads to problems with both perception and visual imagery.
What is Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)?
Complete this sentence: The sentence "I spread the butter on my socks" ends with an unexpected word and thus has low ______________.
What is cloze probability?
In this task, an individual's creativity is measured by asking them to come up with new ways to use a common object.
What is the Alternate Use Task?
According to this bias, people fail to use accurate deductive reasoning when the conclusion is believable.
What is belief bias?