Court Cases
This case overturned the precedent of "separate but equal" doctrine that was established in an 1896 decision.
What is Brown v. Board of Education, Topeka?
This amendment guarantees the right to assembly, petition for redress of grievances, speech, press, and religion.
What is the 1st Amendment?
The use of nonverbal communication to convey a message or opinion, which is constitutionally protected.
What is symbolic speech?
These work to nominate candidates for elections, in order to try to win elections and gain control over various levels and branches of government.
What are political parties?
This amendment guaranteed suffrage (right to vote) to women.
What is the 19th Amendment?
This case stated that parents' freedom to exercise religion outweighed the state's interest in a mandatory public education age.
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder?
This amendment protects individuals from warrantless searches and seizures of property.
What is the 4th Amendment?
The government imposing censorship on speech or the press before the speech is said or the article is published.
What is prior restraint?
These work to influence the outcome of elections, encourage participation, and lobby politicians to see their goals realized throughout government policy.
What are interest groups?
These are programs meant to help groups of people who have been historically discriminated against, in terms of job opportunities and college applications.
What is affirmative action?
This case dealt with balancing student freedom of expression and the school's interest in maintaining order, ultimately siding with the students.
What is Tinker v. Des Moines?
This amendment involves the right to not be compelled to witness against themself in a criminal trial, or the right to remain silent.
What is the 5th Amendment?
The doctrine that states evidence which is gathered illegally should not be admitted to court during a trial.
What is the exclusionary rule?
The role the media fulfills by deciding which stories to emphasize on their homepage or front page, based on what the source deems to be significant for consumers.
What is the agenda setting or gatekeeper function?
The mutually beneficial relationship between a Congressional committee, interest group, and bureaucratic agency to accomplish a policy goal.
What is an iron triangle?
This case stated that school-sponsored prayer in public schools is unconstitutional.
What is Engel v. Vitale?
This amendment guarantees the right to an attorney in criminal trials.
What is the 6th Amendment?
What are civil liberties?
This amendment removed a structural barrier to voting, which was the poll tax.
What is the 24th Amendment?
The type of voting behavior when someone votes for a candidate based on how that candidate can personally benefit their interests.
What is rational choice voting?
This case established a limit to freedom of speech, when that speech can cause a threat to the public (especially during wartime).
What is Schenck v. US?
This amendment is used to both enforce civil liberties at the state level, and to guarantee civil rights.
What is the 14th Amendment?
The doctrine that allows the Supreme Court to apply certain Bill of Rights protections (amendments) at the state level (as well as local, for law enforcement, etc.)
What is selective incorporation?
This amendment protects interest group expenditures on campaign advertisements.
What is the 1st Amendment?
This clause is what the Supreme Court uses to guarantee civil liberties at the state level.
What is the Due Process Clause?