Exam 1
q2 = 0.49
What is the frequency of the dominant allele in the population?
0.3
I have a fossil with 6.25% of the original mass of its radioisotope, and I know that it is definitively 5,000 years old. What is its radioisotope's half-life?
1,250 years
Entamoeba have what kind of pseudopodia?
lobe-shaped pseudopodia
Primary growth occurs at these structures. Secondary growth occurs at these structures.
Lateral Meristems
The sympoplastic route travels via the _____________.
The apoplectic route travels via the ____________.
Cytoplasm (plasmodesmata)
Apoplast (cell wall or extracellular matrix)
Random fluctuations in genotypic frequencies within a population can be caused by this. Its effects are greater felt in smaller populations.
Which two organelles specifically support the endosymbiotic theory? Provide 2 pieces of evidence to support this theory.
The mitochondria and chloroplast
They have their own ribosomes and DNA and make their own proteins and are roughly the size of prokaryotes
Gametophytes produce ______ _______, and sporophytes produce _____ ________.
Haploid Gametes and Haploid Spores
Ground tissue in plants is made up of what 3 kinds of cells?
Which type of ground tissue is used for photosynthesis?
Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma, Parenchyma
Parenchyma
Does bulk flow occur more via the apoplastic or symplastic route?
By what method does transport only between two cells most likely occur?
Apoplastic route
Transmembrane route
Name 5 pre-zygotic reproductive barriers and 1 post-zygotic reproductive barrier.
Gametic, temporal, ecological, behavioral, geographical isolation. Hybrid Breakdown, Hybrid Infertility, Hybrid inviability.
Come up to the board and draw a paraphyletic grouping.
ALSO: Do prokaryotes have organelles? How do you know?
Has an ancestor and not all of its descendants.
Bacteria are typically 0.5-5 micrometers in length which is about as big as some organelles.
Which protists are most closely related to land plants?
Charophytes
Name all of the structures on a complete flower.
Carpel, Stamen, Sepals, Petals
From what germ layer is the coelom formed in pseudocoelomates?
How about for coelomates?
It forms between both the endoderm and the mesoderm.
It forms from the mesoderm alone.
The North American flying squirrel and the Australian sugar glider have both developed mechanisms for flight. Their "extra skin flap" represents what kind of structure?
Analogous Structure
If two organisms are in the same class, are necessarily they in the same family?
If two organisms are in the same family, are they necessarily in the same phylum?
NO
YES
Trichomonas vaginalis is a member of what super group and what sub group?
Is it obligate aerobic, facultative aerobic, or anaerobic?
Excavate
Parabasalid
Anaerobic
The xylem is made of these two types of cells and is (living or dead).
The phloem is made of these two types of cells and is (living or dead).
Tracheids and Vessel elements (dead)
Sieve tube elements and companion cells (living)
___________ grow with determinate spiral cleavage.
This means that their mesoderm grows (toward or away from) the blastopore.
Protostomes
Away from the blastopore
mutations, gene flow, small population size, non-random mating, and natural selection would have to be prevented.
What is the main function of a capsule for Bacteria?
Give an example of a microbe responding negatively to a taxis.
Adhesion/Cohesion
Example: Negative phototaxis- a microbe has a photoreceptor, detects light, and moves away from an area when it detects light.
DAILY DOUBLE
Name all of the:
Stramenopiles
Alveolates
Rhizarians
Diatoms, golden algae, brown algae
Dinoflagellates, apicomplexans, ciliates
Radiolarians, foraminiferans, cercozoans
Double fertilization occurs in (angiosperms or gymnosperms). The two types of cells that are fertilized are __________ and ____________, and each gives rise to the __________ and _________.
central cell with two polar nuclei and antipodal cell.
central cell --> triploid endosperm
antipodal cell --> zygote
Which is faster? Which lasts longer? Signaling via hormones or neurons
If my hand is burning, which signaling pathway is more likely to act to remove my hand from a hot stove?
Neurons and Hormones
Neurons- not hormones