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Unit 5
100

In a way that is plain, simple, or lacking embellishment

What is austerely?

100

An inadequate supply; scarcity

What is dearth?

100

The state of currently occupying an office

What is incumbency?

100

To actively encourage or support

What is abet?

100

In a manner that is roughly forceful

What is roughshod?

200

Unifying notions—key points the author makes and the ones they want you to remember most

What are central ideas?

200

The art of persuasion, used to convince an audience

What is rhetoric?

200

What is text structure?

Text structure refers to how information is organized in a text. An entire text can use one specific organizational structure, or a text might use several different structures that make up the paragraphs, sections, or chapters of a text

200

What is parallelism? What is it used for?

Parallelism is a rhetorical feature where authors present ideas in sequence using the same phrase or sentence structure. Parallelism can help authors organize complex long lists, add rhythm to their writing, or simplify concepts for an audience.

200

What is public advocacy? What is a work of public advocacy? 

-The act of influencing those who make decisions on law or public policy in order to improve society, further equality, or advance the cause of an organization or group of people.

-A text that is considered to have been historically significant in its attempt to persuade policy makers


300

How do you determine the central idea of a text?

identify and analyze the key details that build on, connect, and support the central ideas

300

For an informational essay, how do you evaluate evidence?

Make sure it is recent, relevant, and unbiased 

300

When revising the style of your essay, you should look for problems with ____.

tone, word choice, syntax, and sentence variety

300

What should an effective argument essay contain?

claims, reasons, evidence, and counterclaims

300

What should not be included in an academic argument essay?

  • first-person pronouns like “I” and “you” (unless you are quoting evidence that includes one of these pronouns)
  • any sort of slang (unless it is found in evidence that is quoted)
400

What are the types of evidence?

Example: from history, from current events, from pop culture

Testimony, opinion: from an expert, from an eyewitness

Anecdote (small story): from history, from a person

Facts, statistics, data: from reputable, unbiased sources

400

Describe the rhetorical triangle

  • The message is the content itself, the text—what is being communicated.
  • The writer/speaker (author) is the person delivering the message.

  • The audience is the person or people the author is trying to persuade—those who will receive the message.

400

Name at least three examples of text structures and explain.

Potential answers:

  • problem-and-solution – identifies a problem and offers one or more solutions
  • cause-and-effect – analyzes an event or situation by providing the cause and its effects
  • comparison-and-contrast – identifies similarities and differences between two or more objects, actions, ideas, or processes
  • proposition-and-support – presents an idea or opinion and supports it by explaining why it is applicable
  • chronological (time) order – arranges events in the order they occurred over time
  • sequential order – explains the steps in a process
400

List four rhetorical features.

Possible answers:

antithesis, diction, parallelism, allusion, imagery, metaphor, syntax, etc.

400

The chain of legal reasoning 

What is issue, rule, facts, analysis, conclusion?

500

What are three important factors of an objective summary?

Style, tone, and word choice (should be formal and neutral)

500

What questions should you ask to understand and evaluate sources for an informational essay?

Ask yourself: Is this evidence appropriate for my audience? Does the evidence support my ideas sufficiently? Am I relying too much on any one source? Are my notes clear and thorough?

500

What are three focal points for editing an essay?

Focal points for editing can include:

  • confirming that sentences are complete
  • varying sentence structure and length
  • ensuring subjects and verbs agree
  • distinguishing between homophones and other easily confused words
  • properly punctuating all sentences
500

When writers write arguments, they focus on two tasks:

  • presenting the claim and its evidence to the audience
  • presenting a counterclaim and rebutting it
500

The basic outline of an introduction paragraph in an argument essay

What is a hook, background information, and thesis with an arguable claim?