Correlational Designs
Multivariate Correlations
Confounding & Obscuring Variables
Replication, Transparency, and Real-World Importance
100
Describe the strength and direction of the correlation depicted above
Weak negative correlation
100
In a regression, a criterion variable can be compared to which type of variable used in an experimental design?
dependent variable
100
What is the problem with one-group, pre-test/post-test designs?
they do not have a comparison group
100
What is a popular type of replication amongst researchers
replication-plus-extension
200
Which of the 4 validities does not apply to correlational designs
Internal Validity
200
In a regression, a predictor variable can be compared to which type of variable used in an experimental design?
Independent Variable
200
Spontaneous changes to one's ability over time is known as _________
Maturation threats
200
What is p-hacking
It involves running a different analysis than originally proposed, so their p-value is significant
300
What two things does correlational coefficients (r) tell us?
Strength and direction
300
Multiple regression help us rule out what type of variable?
third variables or confounding variables
300
When students do worse at a task a second time because they get tired or bored it is known as _____
Fatigue effect
300
What type of questionable research practice does preregistration prevent
HARKing
400
What type of graph is best for depicting a correlation between one continuous variable and one categorical variable?
Bar graph
400
In longitudinal studies, how many times must we assess the relationship between two variables
at least 2
400
Null results mean what?
results that are not statistically significant
400
test-theory mode is typically done in what type of research?
Basic research
500
What can we use to assess how precise a correlation is
Confidence Intervals
500
Describe a mediator
A mediator explains why the relationship between 2 variables exist
500
When null results are not published, it contributes to what problem?
The file drawer problem
500
What five words make up the acronym WEIRD
Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic