TABLE A
Challenges to exclude a potential juror for which no reason is stated
What is a peremptory challenge?
__________ searches of vehicles are valid but must follow departmental rules
What is inventory?
Items that are illegal for anyone to possess
Legal reasons to exclude a potential juror
What is a challenge for cause?
A police identification procedure by which the suspect in a crime is exhibited, along with others with similar physical characteristics, before the victim or witness
What is a lineup?
The two types of seizure
What is actual and constructive?
Doctrine allows two jurisdictions to try an individual for the same crime without violating double jeopardy
What is dual sovereignty?
Police must have ________ if a person is taken to or kept at a police station without their consent and without an arrest warrant, for the purpose of taking fingerprints
What is reasonable suspicion?
A __________ occurs when the defendant agrees to plead guilty in return for a lower charge or lesser sentence
What is a plea bargain?
When a court has the legal authority to hear a case
What is jurisdiction?
Protection against cruel and unusual punishment
What is the Eighth Amendment?
Disclosure of favorable evidence to the defense
What is Brady material?
The ___________ test is used to determine if a pretrial identification procedure has violated the right to due process.
What is totality of the circumstances?
When Miranda warnings must be read
What is a custodial interrogation?
When the prosecution can show that the police would later have found the evidence in question anyway using lawful means
What is independent source?
The Supreme Court adopted the _______ theory of incorporation
What is selective?
The formal court proceeding in felony cases where the defendant is officially notified of the charges and asked to enter a plea
Only defendants with __________ can invoke the exclusionary rule
What is standing?
Under the _______ doctrine, open areas outside the curtilage are not protected by the Fourth Amendment
What are open fields?
Two basic factors in determining whether property is abandoned or not
What are location and intent?
Only applies to testimonial evidence, not identification
What is the 5th amendment privilege against self-incrimination?
(1) incapacitation, (2), deterrence, (3) retribution, (4) rehabilitation
What are the goals of sentencing?
(1) right to trial by jury, (2) right to counsel, (3) right to due process, (4) privilege against self-incrimination, (5) right to a fair trial, (6) right to protection against double jeopardy, (7) right to confront witnesses, (8) right to compulsory process to obtain witnesses, (9) right to a speedy and public trial, and (10) right to proof of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.
What rights does the Sixth Amendment guarantee?
(1) death penalty, (2), imprisonment, (3) probation, (4) intermediate sanctions, and (5) fines, forfeiture, and restitution.
What are the five categories of sentencing?
A governmental termination of freedom of movement
What is a seizure?