Terms
Jewish holiday that celebrated the liberation of the Israelites from Egypt
Passover
The lead bishop in the Catholic Church
Pope
most important Christian feast
Easter
Are Christians still expecting the end of the world?
Yes
term for the Jewish day of rest
Sabbath
underground Christian tombs
catacombs
rite of selecting and consecrating someone for church leadership
ordination
40 day fasting period before Easter
Lent
Term for church leaders
clergy
Pentecost
Easter is based on the continuation and transformation of what Jewish feast?
Passover
type of calendar Ancient Jews used
lunar
The day that is the beginning of Lent for Western churches
Ash Wednesday
type of calendar Ancient Romans used
solar
term for the people who are not part of church leadership -> "everyday" people
laity
term for languages used in ancient magic that only demons could understand
voces mysticae
the identification of Jesus with solar imagery encouraged the use of this cross-cultural symbol when depicting Jesus and other saints
halo
perhaps one of the earliest documented religious institution in the ancient world
Oracle at Delphi
What is the church leadership system that is structured with presbyters/elders/pastors and deacons?
Presbyterian
symbol for Jesus that was depicted because it was emblematic of sacrifice and purity
lamb
What is the church leadership system that consisted of bishops, priests, and deacons?
Episcopal
What two days of the week are regarded as fasting days by many Eastern and Orthodox Christians (and some Roman Catholics)?
Wednesday and Friday
hypothesis that Christmas is the Christianization of a pagan feast
History of Religions
hypothesis that Christmas is a result of early Christian calculations to determine the historical birthdate of Jesus
Calculation Hypothesis
Gnostic group that developed the origins of the Epiphany; this group also believed that the baptism of Jesus was his true origin/birth (baptism was when divine Christ was jointed to human, Jesus)
Basilideans