Adjective Clauses
who/whom
*Must refer to a person
*Can be omitted if the clause includes another subject
even though
*unexpected results
because of
because of + NOUN/noun phrase
The baker asked Alex what type...
The baker asked Alex what type OF BREAD he wanted.
Change to passive:
Alex bought a very big loaf of bread at the bakery.
A very big loaf of bread was bought by Alex at the bakery.
, which amazed
*Must correctly refer to a noun or the whole sentence
*Must be followed by a person (noun/pronoun)
The first time...
The first time (that) S+V, S+V.
so...that OR such...that
so + ADJ + that
such (+ a/an) + ADJ + NOUN + that
I don't know why...
I don't know why + S + V
Change to active:
The gigantic loaf of bread had been baked that morning.
The baker had baked the gigantic loaf of bread that morning.
, one of which/whom/whose
*Noun must be a number greater than 1
*which/whom/whose must match co
unless
meaning=if...not
so that
so that = PURPOSE/why something was done
I wonder if...
I wonder if + S +V
Change to passive:
Many people could have eaten Alex's big bread.
Alex's big bread could have been eaten by many people.
That is the bread...
...(preposition) + which/that + S+V
whether or not OR even if
*whether or not=neither this condition nor that condition matters--the result will be the same
*even if=a particular condition doesn't matter--the result will not change
in spite of
in spite of + NOUN/noun phrase
Alex was embarrassed that...
Alex was embarrassed that + S +V
Create a sentence using:
get + ADJ (+ PREPOSITION)
Ex: Alex got embarrassed by...
, where
S1, where S2 V2, V1...
Only if...
only if = there's only one condition that will cause a particular result
*Must invert the main clause S+V
otherwise OR or else
if the opposite is true, then there will be a certain result
otherwise = transition (semi-colon or period before and comma after)
or else = conjunction (comma before)
That Alex...
That Alex + V + is + ADJ.
Alex was determined...
Alex was determined TO DO something.